- 1理性主義（哲學課對上經驗主義時，有人會寫「唯理主義」，但一般仍說理性主義）
Rationalism is the belief that what you do should rest on careful thinking you can check — science, evidence, step-by-step reasons — rather than on strong feelings or on religious teaching. A person who likes this idea wants hospitals, courts, and schools to follow proof, not mood or prayer. In a philosophy class the same word has a narrower job: it names a long tradition that says reason, more than the eyes and ears, is how we truly know things. Everyday English is looser, and people sometimes say "rationalism" when they only mean "don't be dramatic; use your head." It can sound calm and fair, or cold, depending on who is talking.
組成From rational + -ism. Rational is the adjective ('using reason'); -ism builds the name of a belief.
同家族的字
- rationalthe adjective the word is built from
- rationalistthe person who holds this belief
- rationaleshares the same stem, but names the reasons for one choice, not the whole belief
原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
rationalismnoun/ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəlɪzəm/
- 1
human-sciencesphilosophysciencesThe theory that reason is a source of knowledge independent of and superior to sense perception.
- 2
human-sciencesphilosophysciencesThe theory that knowledge may be derived by deductions from a priori concepts (such as axioms, postulates or earlier deductions).
- 3
A view that the fundamental method for problem solving is through reason and experience rather than faith, inspiration, revelation, intuition or authority.
- The opinion opposed to mysticism in philosophy is sometimes spoken of as rationalism. Rationalism insists that all our beliefs ought ultimately to find for themselves articulate grounds. Such grounds, for rationalism, must consist of four things: (1) definitely statable abstract principles; (2) definite facts of sensation; (3) definite hypotheses based on such facts; and (4) definite inferences logically drawn.
- 4
Elaboration of theories by use of reason alone without appeal to experience, such as in mathematical systems.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。