核心畫面

One way to hold it: a place that keeps what is inside it safe from what is outside. Ships sit still in the harbour while the open sea is rough. The verb is that same shelter turned into an action — you hold something inside you where the world cannot get at it: a grudge, a hope, in a damp corner, or a person the police are looking for.

可以想成一個有遮蔽的地方,把裡面的東西護住,不受外面影響:外海風浪大,船在港裡卻穩穩停著。動詞就是把這個「遮蔽」變成更多收起可以想成一個有遮蔽的地方,把裡面的東西護住,不受外面影響:外海風浪大,船在港裡卻穩穩停著。動詞就是把這個「遮蔽」變成動作——把某樣東西藏在自己裡面,外界碰不到:一份怨恨、一個希望、潮濕角落裡的細菌,或警方正在找的人。

From the word’s history

Harbour is from Middle English herberwe, from Old English here-beorg, literally "army shelter" (here "army" + beorg "protection, shelter"), originally "temporary lodgings". The noun narrowed by the early 12c. to "lodging for ships; sheltered recess in a coastline"; the verb "give shelter to, protect" is mid-14c., with the figurative "harbour thoughts or fugitives" following in the late 14c.

harbour 來自中古英語 herberwe、古英語 here-beorg,字面是「軍隊的庇護所」(here「軍隊」+ beorg「保護、遮蔽」),原意是臨時的落腳處。名詞在十二世紀初收窄成「船的落腳處、海岸邊有遮蔽的凹處」;動詞「給予庇護」出現在十四世紀中葉,之後在十四世紀晚期才有「心裡藏著某種念頭」「窩藏某人」的引申。所以港口和「心懷」不是兩個字,而是同一個「庇護」畫面的兩端。

Etymonline (etymonline.com/word/harbor)

From the picture

把東西留在裡面

把港灣的遮蔽變成動作:某樣東西被放在裡面,外界看不到也動不了它。三個用法差別只在藏的是念頭、生物,還是人。

harbor a feeling · verb · B1

to keep a feeling, a fear, or a hope in your mind for a long time, often without telling anyone.

心懷;長久放在心裡

Also in this word

harbor for boats · noun · B1

an area of water beside the land where the water stays calm, so that ships and boats can stay there safely.

港;港灣

原始詞典資料4 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Harbourname

  • 1

    A surname.

  • 2

    A surname.

harbournoun

  • 1

    Standard spelling of harbor.

    • In West Wales it has never been possible until recently to exploit the magnificent natural harbour of Milford Haven, for there was no industrial hinterland.

harbourverb

  • 1

    Standard spelling of harbor.

    • The docks, which once harboured tall ships, now harbour only petty thieves.
    • The bare suspicion made it treason to harbour the person suspected.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。