核心畫面

A helpful picture is a person standing with no strings on them. Something moves them from the inside — they want it — and nothing outside is pulling. That is what the two words say when you read them apart: will is the wanting, and free is the no-strings part. Once you can see the strings, both uses fall out of the same picture: asking whether anyone tied this particular choice today, and asking the larger question of whether there are strings on us at all.

可以想成一個人站在那裡,身上沒有綁任何線。推動他的力量是從裡面來的——他自己想——外面沒有東西在拉。把這兩個字拆開看更多收起可以想成一個人站在那裡,身上沒有綁任何線。推動他的力量是從裡面來的——他自己想——外面沒有東西在拉。把這兩個字拆開看就是這個意思:will 是「想要」,free 是「沒有被綁住」。一旦你看得見那些線,兩個用法就都從同一張圖出來了:一個是問「這一次是誰拉你來的嗎」,一個是問更大的問題——我們身上到底有沒有線。

From the word’s history

Wiktionary records free will in Middle English as fre will, fre wil, fre wille — the same two words, already joined. Read literally that is 'unbound wanting', which is exactly the no-strings picture both modern uses still rest on.

Wiktionary 記到中古英文就已經寫成 fre will、fre wil、fre wille,兩個字那時候就在一起了。字面直翻就是「沒有被綁住的意願」,剛好就是今天兩個用法都還靠著的那張「沒有線」的圖。

Wiktionary entry for 'free will', etymology_text supplied in this packet: 'From Middle English fre will, fre wil, fre wille.'

Two branches

這一次沒有人逼我

把那張圖用在單一件事上:現在這個動作,是自己走過來的,還是被拉過來的。

noun · B2

If you do something of your own free will, you do it because you want to, not because anyone made you. The phrase is almost fixed: of my / your / his / her / their own free will.

出於自願

人到底有沒有線

同一張圖放大到整個人生:不是問這一次,而是問所有的選擇。

noun · B2

The power to decide your own actions, instead of having them fixed in advance by God, by fate, or by anything outside you. This is the idea people argue about in religion and philosophy. It is uncountable: no a, no s.

自由意志