要另外付錢的·附加項目
還是『正常之外多的一份』，只是這份多的東西沒含在原價裡，要另外掏錢；於是『額外』帶上了『要加錢』的味道。
not included in the price · adjective · A2
Not included in the price, so that you have to pay more for it.
另外收費的
核心畫面
Picture a normal, expected amount already in place — and then something more piled on top of it. 'Extra' is that added portion beyond what was standard: one more, on top, in addition to the usual.
可以想成本來就有一份「正常、該有的份量」擺在那裡，然後又在上面多疊了一些。extra 指的就是超出標準之外、額外加上…更多收起
可以想成本來就有一份「正常、該有的份量」擺在那裡，然後又在上面多疊了一些。extra 指的就是超出標準之外、額外加上去的那一份：多一個、多一層、在原本之上再添的部分。From the word’s history
Commonly traced to a shortening of Latin 'extra' meaning 'outside, beyond' — the added bit sits outside the normal amount.
一般認為源自拉丁文 extra，意思是「在外面、超出之外」；額外的那一份，正是落在正常份量之外的東西。
Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com), entry 'extra'
From the picture
加強語氣的『格外』
把『多加一份』從具體數量搬到形容詞的強度上：原本就形容某性質，再多加一份，就成了『特別、格外』。
extra (intensifier: especially) · r · A2
Used before an adjective or adverb to make it stronger, like 'especially'.
特別地、格外
臨時演員
同樣是『在主要之外多的人』：電影的主角是核心，臨時演員是場景裡額外添上的人群，有他更熱鬧、沒台詞也不影響主線。
a film extra · noun · A2
An actor who says nothing and is part of the crowd in a film.
臨時演員
Also in this word
more than usual, added on top · adjective · A2
More than what is usual or expected, added on top of the normal amount.
額外的
more than the usual amount · r · A2
More than the usual amount or number.
額外地、多
the added amount · pronoun · A2
The added amount beyond the usual one, especially an added amount of money.
額外的部分
原始詞典資料11 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
extraadj/ˈɛkstɹə/
- 1
Beyond what is due, usual, expected, or necessary; extraneous; additional; supernumerary.
- I don't mind doing some extra work, as long as I get extra pay.
- Kellogg himself became the biggest on-site celeb of all, delivering a weekly ‘Question Box’ lecture in which he explained that tobacco destroyed testicles, and that Ancient Rome had only fallen because the decadent Senators had started tossing their slaves into cookery pots to lend their food extra flavour, thus proving that an over-rich diet could lead to wholesale civilisational collapse.
- 2
datedExtraordinarily good; superior.
- 3
slangOver the top; going beyond what is normal or appropriate, often in a dramatic manner.
- You unfollowed her for posting cat memes? You're so extra!
- I highly recommend getting some more bread on the side—they offer small loaves and soup crackers for free, but I'm so extra, I bought my own loaf.
extraadv/ˈɛkstɹə/
- 1
informalTo an extraordinary degree.
- That day he ran to school extra fast.
extranoun/ˈɛkstɹə/
- 1
Something additional, such as an item above and beyond the ordinary school curriculum, or added to the usual charge on a bill.
- 2
An extra edition of a newspaper, which is printed outside of the normal printing cycle, for example to report an important late-breaking event.
- Extra, extra! Read all about it!
- 3
ball-gamescricketgamesA run scored without the ball having hit the striker's bat - a wide, bye, leg bye or no ball.
- 4
actingbroadcastingentertainmentA supernumerary or walk-on in a film or play.
- 5
slangThe state or trait of being over the top, of behaving in an overly dramatic manner.
- Stop! I can't deal with all your extra today!
- 6
Something of an extra quality or grade.
- 7
governmentmilitarypoliticsA day of extra duties (often, over the weekends), as a form of punishment.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。