喜樂美語

核心畫面

Dirty starts as a simple picture: a surface with mud, dust, or marks on it — not clean. From that one image the word spreads in two directions. First it moves onto morals: a dirty trick, a dirty look, dirty money — something that is 'not clean' inside, unfair, dishonest, shameful. Second it specialises onto sex ('dirty' words and jokes) and onto a few modern technical uses (a dirty bomb, a dirty athlete, a dirty fuel) — each one is still 'this carries something bad you'd rather wash off'.

可以想成：dirty 一開始就是一個很簡單的畫面——表面沾了泥、灰、汙漬，不乾淨。整個字從這個畫面往兩個方向長。一個…更多收起可以想成：dirty 一開始就是一個很簡單的畫面——表面沾了泥、灰、汙漬，不乾淨。整個字從這個畫面往兩個方向長。一個方向轉到「道德上的不乾淨」：卑鄙的手段、瞪人的臉色、來路不明的錢——心裡髒、不正當、見不得人。另一個方向specialise到性（黃色笑話、髒話）和幾個現代的技術用法（髒彈、靠禁藥的選手、高汙染的燃料）——共通的都是「它帶著一種你會想洗掉的壞東西」。

原始詞典資料24 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

dirtyadj/ˈdɜːti/

  • 1

    Unclean; covered with or containing unpleasant substances such as dirt or grime.

    • Despite a walk in the rain, my shoes weren't too dirty.
    • Many persons are more comfortable when they are dirty than when they are clean; but that does not recommend dirt as a national policy.
  • 2

    That makes one unclean; corrupting, infecting.

    • Don't put that in your mouth, dear. It's dirty.
  • 3

    Morally unclean; obscene or indecent, especially sexually.

    • At the reception, Uncle Nick got drunk and told dirty jokes to the bridesmaids.
    • He sets up little cameras 'cause he likes to watch her pee / He likes to watch her pee, he's trembling with glee / He sets up little cameras 'cause he likes to watch her pee / What a dirty little bastard he can be
  • 4

    Dishonorable; violating accepted standards or rules.

    • He might have scored, but it was a dirty trick that won him the penalty.
    • The world 'as got me snouted jist a treat; Crool Forchin's dirty left 'as smote me soul.
  • 5

    Corrupt, illegal, or improper.

    • I won't accept your dirty money!
  • 6

    Out of tune.

    • You need to tune that guitar: the G string sounds dirty.
  • 7

    Of color, discolored by impurities.

    • The old flag was a dirty white.
  • 8

    computingengineeringmathematicsContaining data needing to be written back to memory or disk.

    • Occasionally it reads the sector into a dirty buffer, which means it needs to sync the dirty buffer first.
    • Notice that an asterisk has been added to the filename in the edit window tabs. This is a simple reminder that the file is “dirty” and needs saving.
另外 10 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    slangCarrying illegal drugs among one's possessions or inside of one's bloodstream.

    • None of y'all get into my car if you're dirty.
  • 10

    informalUsed as an intensifier, especially in conjunction with "great".

    • He lives in a dirty great mansion.
  • 11

    Sleety; gusty; stormy.

    • dirty weather
    • Storms of wind, clouds of dust, an angry, dirty sea.
  • 12

    slangOf an alcoholic beverage, especially a cocktail or mixed drink: served with the juice of olives.

    • dirty martini
  • 13

    Of food, indulgent in an unhealthy way.

    • You can call it quick-and-dirty if you like, but there are billions of dollars out there riding on the supposition that fast food is not necessarily dirty food.
    • Dirty keto refers to an approach that follows the typical keto macro ratios, but the components include “dirty” foods like fast food, packaged convenience foods, processed meats, artificially sweetened diet sodas and sports drinks, and unhealthy […]
  • 14

    Of food, covered in an array of indulgent toppings.

    • Lardo in Portland, Oregon, serves "dirty fries" topped with fried rosemary, peppers, lardons, and Parmesan.
    • Piled high and oozing all the trimmings, the dirty burgers here are decidedly good – spice things up with jalapeños, brie or a seriously sticky BBQ sauce.
  • 15

    Spreading harmful radiation over a wide area.

    • a dirty explosion
    • a dirty bomb
  • 16

    aeronauticsaerospaceaviationHaving the undercarriage or flaps in the down position.

  • 17

    Of an audio recording: containing unwanted noise.

  • 18

    cellular-automatacomputingengineeringProducing much ash.

dirtyadv/ˈdɜːti/

  • 1

    In a dirty manner.

    • to play dirty

dirtyverb/ˈdɜːti/

  • 1

    To make (something) dirty.

  • 2

    To stain or tarnish (somebody) with dishonor.

  • 3

    To debase by distorting the real nature of (something).

  • 4

    To become soiled; to soil or defecate on.

    • When the blackberries begin to decay, and the seeds to appear, the children are told not to eat them any longer, as the Pooka has dirtied on them.
    • The markers for the slow line signals have been arranged at cab level, but for the inner fast lines they have had to be kept low in the "six-foot", with the result that they tend to be badly dirtied by passing traffic.

dirtynoun/ˈdɜːti/

  • 1

    Anything that is dirty.

    • I had to get started on the trays. […] I started emptying it from the bottom, putting the dirties in the water. Then I could put the clean ones in the empty spaces to dry while I pulled more dirties from the next shelf up.
    • Dirty eggs are grouped roughly in three classes: (A) Plain dirties, those to which soil or dung adheres; […]

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。