這個拼法底下其實是2個不同的字,意思沒有關係, 只是長得一樣。下面分開列出來。跳到 digest food · summary publication

1

digest

v

唸法不同同樣的拼法,這個字的唸法跟另一個不一樣。/daɪˈdʒest, də-/

核心畫面

Picture a big lump of food going slowly to pieces inside the body: it is broken into smaller and smaller parts until the body can take in what it needs. The key part of the picture is that it takes time — you cannot hurry it.

一大塊食物進到身體裡以後,慢慢被拆開的過程:從整塊變小塊、再變成身體能吸收的東西。畫面裡最重要的不是「吃」,而是吞下更多收起一大塊食物進到身體裡以後,慢慢被拆開的過程:從整塊變小塊、再變成身體能吸收的東西。畫面裡最重要的不是「吃」,而是吞下去之後那段安靜的、要花時間的分解——你急不來,也不能用意志力加速。

From the word’s history

The Latin verb behind it, dīgerere, is dis- 'apart' plus gerere 'to carry': to carry apart, to separate a whole into pieces. That is exactly what the stomach does to a meal.

拉丁文 dīgerō 是 dis-(分開)加 gerō(拿、搬),字面就是「把整團東西分開搬走」。胃對一頓飯做的正是這件事,所以現代的意思幾乎沒有離開字根:不是把東西弄消失,而是拆成一件一件、各自歸位。

本筆 payload 的詞源欄:Latin dīgestus, past participle of dīgerō ("carry apart"), from dī-/dis- ("apart") + gerō ("to carry")

One branch

拆開,然後慢慢吸收

同一個動作,一次發生在胃裡,一次發生在腦袋裡。

digest food · verb · C1

To break down food in the body after you eat it, so the body can take in what it needs.

消化

A second word, same spelling

2

digest

n

唸法不同同樣的拼法,這個字的唸法跟另一個不一樣。/ˈdaɪdʒest/

核心畫面

Picture a thick report spread open on a desk, with someone pulling out only the few facts that matter and lining them up on one page. What is left on that page is the digest.

一疊厚厚的報告攤在桌上,有人一頁一頁挑,把真正要緊的幾條抽出來、排好放在一張紙上,其餘的推到旁邊。最後留在那張紙上的更多收起一疊厚厚的報告攤在桌上,有人一頁一頁挑,把真正要緊的幾條抽出來、排好放在一張紙上,其餘的推到旁邊。最後留在那張紙上的一小疊,就是 digest。重點在「挑過、排過」,不是隨手節錄。

From the word’s history

This noun comes from Latin dīgesta, 'things that have been separated and set in order' — the same dīgerō ('to separate') that lies behind the verb digest, but arriving in English as a name for sorted material rather than an action.

名詞來自拉丁文 dīgesta,是 dīgerō(分開、整理)的過去分詞中性複數,字面是「被分開整理好的那些東西」——羅馬法典的《學說彙纂》就是這個字。它跟動詞 digest 出自同一個拉丁動詞,只是進英文時帶的是「整理好的成品」這一面,而不是「正在拆解」的動作,所以今天它是一份東西,不是一件事。

本筆 payload 的詞源欄:Latin dīgesta, neuter plural of dīgestus, past participle of dīgerō ("separate")

原始詞典資料15 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

digestverb詞源 1/daɪˈd͡ʒɛst/

  • 1

    To distribute or arrange methodically; to work over and classify; to reduce to portions for ready use or application.

    • to digest laws
    • joining them together and digesting them into order
  • 2

    To separate (the food) in its passage through the alimentary canal into the nutritive and nonnutritive elements; to prepare, by the action of the digestive juices, for conversion into blood; to convert into chyme.

    • In the morning giue them [horses] barley or prouender, a little at a time in diſtinct or ſeueral portions, tvvice or thrice one after another, ſo as he may chevv and eke diſgeſt it thoroughly, othervviſe if he rauen it, as he vvil do hauing much at a time, he rendreth it in his dung vvhole and not diſgeſted.
  • 3

    To think over and arrange methodically in the mind; to reduce to a plan or method; to receive in the mind and consider carefully; to get an understanding of; to comprehend.

    • Feelingly digest the words you speak in prayer.
    • How shall this bosom multiplied digest / The senate's courtesy?
  • 4

    To bear comfortably or patiently; to be reconciled to; to brook.

    • I never can digest the loss of most of Origen's works.
  • 5

    chemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesTo expose to a gentle heat in a boiler or matrass, as a preparation for chemical operations.

  • 6

    To undergo digestion.

    • I just ate an omelette and I'm waiting for it to digest.
    • I was at the Mathematical School, where the Maſter taught his Pupils after a Method ſcarce imaginable to us in Europe. The Propoſition and Demonſtration were fairly written on a thin Wafer, with Ink compoſed of a Cephalick Tincture. This the Student was to ſwallow upon a faſting Stomach, and for three days following eat nothing but Bread and Water. As the Wafer digeſted, the Tincture mounted to his Brain, bearing the Propoſition along with it.
  • 7

    biochemistrybiologychemistryTo cut with one or more restriction endonucleases.

  • 8

    obsoletemedicinesciencesTo suppurate; to generate pus, as an ulcer.

    • The Lips of the Abſceſs digeſted vvell, but from vvithin it onely gleeted, and thruſt out Fat, vvhich vve daily cut off vvithout the loſs of a drop of blood, and dreſſed up the Abſceſs vvith mundif. ex apio, continuing the uſe of diſcutient Fomentations and Cataplaſins.
另外 3 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    obsoletemedicinesciencesTo cause to suppurate, or generate pus, as an ulcer or wound.

  • 10

    obsoleteTo ripen; to mature.

    • well-digested fruits
  • 11

    obsoleteTo quieten or reduce (a negative feeling, such as anger or grief).

digestnoun詞源 2/ˈdaɪd͡ʒɛst/

  • 1

    That which is digested; especially, that which is worked over, classified, and arranged under proper heads or titles.

    • By also relating the tales included in the anthology to various facts of that development, he leaves no doubt that this volume constitutes a veritable digest of the remarkable strides made by the genre in recent years.
  • 2

    A compilation of statutes or decisions analytically arranged; a summary of laws.

    • Comyn's Digest
    • the United States Digest
  • 3

    Any collection of articles, as an Internet mailing list including a week's postings, or a magazine arranging a collection of writings.

    • Reader's Digest is published monthly.
    • The weekly email digest contains all the messages exchanged during the past week.
  • 4

    computingcryptographyengineeringThe result of applying a hash function to a message.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。