抓住意思·看通
最貼近核心畫面的一群：對象從『一句話』擴大到『一套道理』再到『一個人』，但都是同一個「在腦中接通、看清楚」的動作。
know the meaning (of words/language) · verb · A1
To know the meaning of what someone says, or to know a language they are speaking.
聽懂
核心畫面
Picture the moment something clicks into place in your mind — the words, the idea, or the person stops being a blur and you can see clearly how it fits together. Every use of understand is some version of that , that 'now it makes sense' click.
可以想成那個「啪一聲接通」的瞬間：原本一團模糊的話語、概念或一個人，忽然在你腦中拼成清楚的圖，你看見它是怎麼湊起來的…更多收起
可以想成那個「啪一聲接通」的瞬間：原本一團模糊的話語、概念或一個人，忽然在你腦中拼成清楚的圖，你看見它是怎麼湊起來的。understand 底下所有用法，都是這個「抓住、看通」的動作的不同延伸——從聽懂一句話，到看懂一個人，到把某件事認定為這樣。Four branches
認定·當作如此
從『看通一件事』滑到『把一件事認定成這樣』：你腦中接通的不一定親眼證實，而是根據聽到、讀到的，就把它當成事實或當成某個意思。
take as true (from what you've heard) · verb · A1
From what you have heard or read, to take something as true.
聽說
心照不宣·不必明講
把『接通』放到兩個人之間：某件事大家心裡都接上了、都認定了，於是不必說出口——或者反過來，有人故意讓你接成某個結論。
agreed without being said · verb · A1
If something is understood, everyone already knows it or agrees to it, so no one needs to say it — in 'it is understood (that)'.
不言而喻
嚴厲確認(聽懂了沒)
把『你接通了嗎』當成施壓的工具：表面問你懂不懂，其實是在嚴正告誡你該做或不該做什麼。
understand? (firm emphasis) · verb · A1
Used when telling someone firmly what they should or should not do — in 'Do you understand?'.
聽懂了沒
原始詞典資料9 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
understandverb/ˌʌndəˈstænd/
- 1
To know the meaning of; to parse or have parsed correctly; to comprehend.
- Can you repeat what you just said? I didn't understand.
- Thus, when he drew up instructions in lawyer language, he expressed the important words by an initial, a medial, or a final consonant, and made scratches for all the words between; his clerks, however, understood him very well.
- 2
To know the meaning of; to parse or have parsed correctly; to comprehend.
- ‘[…] I came back here, had a wank and finished that book.’ ‘The Naked Lunch?’ ‘Yeah.’ ‘What did you reckon?’ ‘Crap.’ ‘You’re just saying that because you didn’t understand it,’ said Adrian. ‘I’m just saying that because I did understand it,’ said Tom. ‘Any road up, we’d better start making some toast.[…]’
- 3
To be thoroughly familiar with; to be able to undertake properly.
- The students understood the assignment.
- 4
To comprehend a fact or principle; to regard or come to regard a belief as such.
- I understand that company policy says I can't get a refund, but can you make an exception?
- There's been no formal declaration, but it's understood that a state of war exists between the two countries
- 5
To know the intent, motives or character of; (of events) to know the causes of or reasons for.
- One day you say you love me, the next you ignore me—I don't understand you!
- 6
To believe or infer, to think one grasps sufficiently despite potentially incomplete knowledge.
- I've been given to understand that you have a package for me?
- At least four people are understood to have been injured.
- 7
grammarhuman-scienceslinguisticsTo regard as present when not.
- In the imperative mood, the word “you” is usually understood.
- ‘I understand that the district was considered a sort of sanctuary,’ the Chief was saying.
- 8
rareacrobaticsartshobbiesTo stand underneath, to support.
- LAUNE: Ay, and what I do too: look thee, I'll but lean, and my staff understands me. SPEED: It stands under thee, indeed. LAUNCE:Why, stand-under and under-stand is all one.
understandintj/ˌʌndəˈstænd/
- 1
Uh-huh, I see; a way to acknowledge something said by the other speaker.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。