核心畫面

Picture something being sent from one end to the other, crossing a stretch in between. That crossing is transmission — and what crosses can be a signal, a disease, a piece of knowledge, or the turning force of an engine. The word keeps its eye on the passing-along itself, not on the thing that gets passed.

可以想成有東西從這一頭被送到那一頭,中間走過一段距離:那個「送過去」的過程就是 transmission。被送的可以更多收起可以想成有東西從這一頭被送到那一頭,中間走過一段距離:那個「送過去」的過程就是 transmission。被送的可以是訊號、疾病、知識,也可以是引擎的力氣。這個字的重點一直放在中間那段傳遞,而不是被傳的東西本身。

From the word’s history

From Latin transmissionem, the action noun from transmittere 'send over or across', made of trans 'across, beyond' + mittere 'to release, let go; send, throw'. English has it from the 1610s as 'conveyance from one place to another'; the car part 'that regulates power from the engine to the axle' is recorded only from 1894. Even the gearbox is still doing the original job: sending something across.

來自拉丁文 transmittere「送過去、送到對面」——trans(橫越、越過)加 mittere(放出、送出)。英文 1610 年代先有「把東西從一處送到另一處」的意思;汽車上「把引擎動力送到車軸的那組零件」則要到 1894 年才記錄到。所以連變速箱都還在做同一件事:把東西送過去。

Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com), entries 'transmission (n.)' and 'transmit (v.)'

Three branches

從這頭傳到那頭

這一層就是核心畫面本身,而且不限定傳的是什麼。

spread of disease or information · noun · C2

The passing of something such as a disease or information from one person or place to another.

傳播

訊號的傳送與播出

把被傳的東西固定成電波訊號,走的路徑是空中或電纜。同一個字接著再往前滑一步,從「送出去的動作」變成「被送出去的那個東西」。

broadcasting signals · noun · C2

The act of sending out signals or messages using radio, television, or similar equipment.

傳送

動力的傳遞裝置

傳的東西換成引擎的力氣,而且這次整個字指的是「負責傳遞的那組零件」——從動作變成了做這件事的裝置。

vehicle gearbox · noun · C2

The system inside a vehicle through which engine power reaches the wheels.

變速箱

原始詞典資料8 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

transmissionnoun/tɹænsˈmɪʃən/

  • 1

    The act of transmitting, e.g. data (signals) or electric power.

  • 2

    The fact of being transmitted.

  • 3

    Something that is transmitted, such as a message, picture, or a disease; the sending of such a thing.

  • 4

    biologynatural-sciencesThe passage of a nerve impulse across synapses.

  • 5

    automotivetransportvehiclesA device, usually an assembly of gears (gearbox) plus a clutch or torque converter, through which power is sent from the engine to the driveshaft in an automobile (motor car or motor truck).

    • Any vehicle with an internal combustion engine needs a transmission that can alter the gear ratio (engine RPM to wheel RPM) as the vehicle's speed changes.
  • 6

    lawThe right possessed by an heir or legatee of transmitting to his successor(s) any inheritance, legacy, right, or privilege, to which he is entitled, even if he should die without enjoying or exercising it.

  • 7

    biologymedicinenatural-sciencesThe passing of a pathogen or communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a conspecific individual or group.

  • 8

    human-scienceslinguisticssciencesThe passing down of a text through time.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。