結成硬殼的沉積
兩個意思是同一個東西的兩個舞台：先有酒桶裡的硬殼，後有牙齒上的硬殼。
noun · C1
A hard yellowish layer that slowly builds up on teeth, formed out of the soft plaque that is left sitting on them.
牙結石
這個拼法底下其實是2個不同的字，意思沒有關係， 只是長得一樣。下面分開列出來。跳到 牙結石 · 脾氣很兇的人；難纏的人
1
tartar
noun核心畫面
Think of a crust that builds itself. Something is carried in a liquid, the liquid sits still, and what it carries settles against the wall and goes hard. Left alone it into a layer you cannot wipe away — you have to . That layer is tartar, whether the liquid is grape juice turning into wine in a barrel or the film of and food on a tooth.
可以想成一層自己長出來的硬殼。液體裡帶著一些東西，液體停久了，那些東西就貼在壁上結起來。沒有人去動它，它就一層一層變…更多收起
可以想成一層自己長出來的硬殼。液體裡帶著一些東西，液體停久了，那些東西就貼在壁上結起來。沒有人去動它，它就一層一層變厚，最後擦不掉，只能刮。這層硬殼就是 tartar。桶子裡的是葡萄汁變成酒時留下的，牙齒上的是口水和食物留下的——兩個是同一個畫面，只是換了容器。From the word’s history
English took the word through Old French tartre and Medieval Latin tartarum, where it named the crust left by wine. The teeth sense is the same picture applied to a new surface.
這個字經過古法文 tartre、中世紀拉丁文 tartarum 進到英文，最早指的就是釀酒留下的那層硬殼。牙齒上的用法是把同一個畫面搬到另一個表面上，字本身沒有換。
Wiktionary entry supplied in this packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:969154500)
From the picture
Also in this word
noun · C2
The hard reddish crust that settles inside a barrel while grape juice is turning into wine; cleaned up, it is the source of the white powder sold as cream of tartar.
酒石；酒垢
A second word, same spelling
2
tartar
noun核心畫面
A different word that happens to look the same. One way to hold it: a person you handle carefully, because you never know which sentence will set the temper off. Nothing here settles or hardens — this tartar is about a person, and it comes from the name Tartar used figuratively in older English writing.
這是另一個字，只是長得一樣。可以想成一個要小心應付的人：你不知道哪一句話會惹他發火，所以講話都要繞著走。這裡沒有任何…更多收起
這是另一個字，只是長得一樣。可以想成一個要小心應付的人：你不知道哪一句話會惹他發火，所以講話都要繞著走。這裡沒有任何東西沉澱或結硬；這個 tartar 講的是人，來自舊英文把族群名 Tartar 拿來做比喻的用法。From the word’s history
The dictionary entry for this noun says simply: from figurative use of Tartar, the name of the peoples of Tartary, who older European writing pictured as fierce.
字典對這個名詞的來源只寫一句：來自 Tartar 的比喻用法。Tartar 是塔塔人的名字，舊時歐洲的文字把他們寫成凶悍難惹，字就被借去形容脾氣兇的人。這是字的來歷，不是對那個族群的描述。
Wiktionary entry supplied in this packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:969164232, etymology_number 2)