用水沖
最貼近核心畫面的一邊：水的量大到自己會把髒東西帶走，人只負責把水倒下去。依 Wiktionary，這也是這個字最早的意思。
verb · C1
To wash something by pouring a lot of water over it or into it, so that the water carries the dirt away. The source marks this use as British English.
沖洗
核心畫面
One way to hold this word: a lot of loose liquid, moving fast, with nobody being careful about it. Tip a bucket over a yard and it runs across the stones and off the edge. Turn a glass in your hand and it slides round the sides. Open your throat and it goes straight down. In every case the liquid is in quantity, it is in motion, and it is being handled roughly rather than measured out — and that is what the word keeps coming back to.
這個字可以想成一個畫面：一大攤液體，快速地流動，而且沒有人小心翼翼地對待它。把一桶水往院子一潑，水就沖過石板、從邊緣…更多收起
這個字可以想成一個畫面：一大攤液體，快速地流動，而且沒有人小心翼翼地對待它。把一桶水往院子一潑，水就沖過石板、從邊緣流掉。把杯子在手裡一轉，液體就沿著杯壁滑一圈。張開喉嚨，它就直接灌下去。三種情況的共同點是：量大、在動、被粗魯地處理，而不是被細細地計量。swill 的各種用法都回到這個畫面。From the word’s history
Wiktionary traces swill to Middle English swilen (to wash, to swirl, to wash away) and Old English swillan / swilian (to wash, wash down, gargle), and back to Proto-Indo-European *swel- (to drink, gulp, swallow), noting it is related to swallow. Washing and gulping are not two accidents here; the older word already held both.
依據 Wiktionary 的記載，swill 來自中古英語 swilen（沖洗、旋轉、沖走）和古英語 swillan／swilian（沖洗、沖掉、漱口），再往上是印歐字根 *swel-（喝、吞），並註明與 swallow 同源。也就是說，「用水沖」和「大口吞」在這個字裡不是兩件湊巧撞在一起的事，更早的字形本來就同時帶著這兩層。這也解釋了為什麼漱口——水在嘴裡沖、然後吞或吐——剛好站在兩邊中間。
Wiktionary (kaikki extract in evidence packet), source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:917058331 / :917078608
Four branches
在容器裡晃來晃去
同樣是一攤沒被固定住的液體，只是這次它沒有流走，而是在杯子裡、船底、嘴巴裡滑來滑去。可以想成核心畫面被關進了一個容器。
verb · C1
If a liquid swills around, it moves around inside or across something; if you swill it around, you make it move that way, usually by turning the container in your hand.
（液體）晃盪；搖晃（液體）
大口灌下去
把那攤液體的去向改成人的喉嚨：一樣是量大、一樣是往下沖，只是這次沖進身體裡。Wiktionary 的字根資料顯示「喝、吞」本來就在這個字裡，不只是後來的比喻。
verb · C1
To drink something in large amounts, fast and without much care — taking big mouthfuls one after another rather than sipping.
大口猛灌
餿水，以及「該進餿水桶的東西」
餿水正好同時符合核心畫面的兩個條件：它是水水的、可以倒的，而且沒有人會小心對待它。從這個畫面再往外一步，就變成用來罵東西難吃、難看的說法。
noun · C1
Waste food for pigs: kitchen leftovers and scraps mixed together with liquid, so that it pours rather than sits in pieces.
餿水、豬食