擋住別人成功的人事物
這一組離核心最近：被弄壞的就是別人本來要到手的成功。要注意主詞不一定是人，天氣、故障、一場雨都可以當 spoiler。
noun · C1
Someone or something that stops another person or thing from being successful.
攪局者
核心畫面
Spoiler splits into spoil and -er: the one that spoils. So one way to hold the whole word is to picture something that was going along nicely, and then the thing that takes the nice part out of it. A run of wins was going nicely, and the weak team that beats you takes it away. A story was going nicely, and one line in a group chat takes the surprise away. Air was flowing nicely over a wing, and a raised panel takes the lift away. Whenever you meet the word, ask what was going well here, and the answer tells you which spoiler you are looking at.
spoiler 可以拆成 spoil（弄壞）加上 -er（做這件事的人或東西）。所以一種想法是：本來有樣東西進行得很…更多收起
spoiler 可以拆成 spoil（弄壞）加上 -er（做這件事的人或東西）。所以一種想法是：本來有樣東西進行得很順，而 spoiler 就是把那個「順」拿掉的人或零件。連勝的氣勢很順，一支弱隊把它打斷。故事的驚喜很順，群組裡一句話把它拿掉。機翼上的氣流很順，一片立起來的板子把升力拿掉。看到這個字，先問一句：這裡本來順的是什麼？答案是比賽，它就是攪局者；答案是驚喜，它就是爆雷；答案是氣流，它就是車尾或機翼上的擾流板。From the word’s history
The etymology tree supplied in this packet builds spoiler from English spoil plus -er, and takes spoil back through Middle English spoilen and Old French espoillier to Latin spoliare, from spolium, the goods taken from a defeated enemy. The word therefore starts at taking something away by force and arrives at simply ruining, which is why an old sense meaning plunderer is still recorded in the source.
本包附的字源樹把 spoiler 拆成 spoil 加 -er，並把 spoil 經由中古英語 spoilen、古法語 espoillier 追到拉丁語 spoliāre，字根 spolium 指從敗方手上搶來的東西。可以想成這個字的起點是「搶走」，終點才是今天的「弄壞」。也因為這樣，字典裡到現在還留著一個舊意思：掠奪者。
Wiktionary entry for spoiler, etymology tree supplied in this evidence packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:816508840)
Three branches
把驚喜拿掉
被弄壞的東西換成了「還沒被打開的驚喜」。這一組是今天最常用的，尤其在網路討論裡。
noun · B2
A message, post, or review that tells people the surprising part of a film, show, book, or game before they have seen or read it for themselves.
爆雷／劇透
把氣流弄亂的零件
同樣是「把順的東西弄壞」，只是對象換成空氣，而且這次是刻意的、有用的。名字聽起來像壞事，實際上是工程師故意設計的。
noun · B2
A raised part fitted to a car, especially a racing car, that stops the car from lifting off the road when it is moving very fast.
尾翼／擾流板