喜樂美語

核心畫面

Picture a soft cover you pull up over your head — that head-covering is the oldest picture, and from it the word stretches to almost any cover placed over the top of something.

可以想成一塊軟軟的、往頭上一罩的蓋子——這個『罩住頭』的畫面最老，之後這個字就延伸到幾乎任何『蓋在某個東西上面』的罩…更多收起可以想成一塊軟軟的、往頭上一罩的蓋子——這個『罩住頭』的畫面最老，之後這個字就延伸到幾乎任何『蓋在某個東西上面』的罩子。

From the word’s history

From Old English hōd 'a covering for the head', from Proto-Germanic *hōd-, probably from the PIE root *kadh- 'to cover' — the same root family as 'hat'. So the head-covering picture is the word's literal origin.

來自古英語 hōd『罩住頭的東西』，再往上到原始日耳曼語 *hōd-，可能源自印歐語根 *kadh-『覆蓋』，和 hat（帽子）同一個根。所以『罩住頭』就是這個字最原始的意思。

etymonline.com/word/hood

From the picture

罩在頭上

最原始的一組：直接罩在人的頭上。

hood (of a coat) · noun · B2

The part of a coat or jacket that you can pull up to cover your head, usually to keep off rain or cold.

兜帽／帽兜

蓋在物體上的罩子

這一組是從『罩住頭』推廣出去的——不再罩人的頭，而是罩在機器、爐子、車子的『頂上』，任何蓋在上面的罩子都可以叫 hood。

hood (car bonnet) · noun · B2

The metal cover over the engine at the front of a car — the American English word for what British English calls a bonnet.

引擎蓋

Also in this word

hood (neighborhood, slang) · noun · B2

The neighbourhood where someone lives, especially the local area they grew up in (informal American English).

街區／社區

hood (young troublemaker) · noun · B2

A young person who causes trouble or breaks the law; a short, informal word for a hoodlum (American English).

小混混／流氓

原始詞典資料26 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Hoodname/hʊd/

  • 1

    A surname.

    • Last month, Fort Hood in Texas, another major military installation, was redesignated Fort Cavazos, in honor of Gen. Richard Edward Cavazos, a veteran of the Korean and Vietnam wars who became the first Hispanic person to wear four stars on his uniform.
  • 2

    A placename:

  • 3

    A placename:

hoodnoun詞源 1/hʊd/

  • 1

    falconryhobbieshuntingA covering for the head, usually attached to a larger garment such as a jacket or cloak.

  • 2

    equestrianismhobbieshorsesA covering for the head, usually attached to a larger garment such as a jacket or cloak.

  • 3

    A distinctively colored fold of material, representing a university degree.

  • 4

    An enclosure that protects something, especially from above.

  • 5

    automotivetransportvehiclesParticular parts of conveyances

  • 6

    automotivetransportvehiclesParticular parts of conveyances

  • 7

    Particular parts of conveyances

    • Like many captains, I was just as glad to leave engineering to the engineers. Looking under the ship's hood wasn't what interested me.
    • I never see the pilot percolating coffee or the attendant with a screwdriver under the airplane's hood. Why? Because we all have something we are good at, and we are expected to do that one thing well.
  • 8

    Particular parts of conveyances

另外 5 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    nauticaltransportParticular parts of conveyances

    • Care must also be taken to place the tenons on the main post so that a stop-water can be driven between it and the fore tenon and the rabbet of the hoods at the keel. The post being dressed to its proper dimensions, the tenons cut, and their ...
    • The fore hoods end at a rabbet cut in the wood stem (see Plate CXVIII.), and the after hoods end at a rabbet prepared in the yellow metal body post. The fore hoods are fastened to the bottom plating as elsewhere; but in the stem they have ...
  • 10

    Various body parts

  • 11

    Various body parts

    • Platysma myoides […] which sends attenuated fibres and slips to the gular region of the hood and is lost dorsad in the fascia covering the trapezius but acquires thickness over the sternum and cervix. Thyromandibularis […] Two distinct muscles may bear this name, an externus and an internus. The latter rises by two slips from about the middle of the inner surface of the mandible and is inserted into the middle of the inner side of the thyrohyal. The greatly elongated thyrobyal passes between the two layers of integument constituting the hood, at its middle fold, and so forms a “yard” to which the lower half of the hood is bent. This inner division of the Thyromandibularis being an adductor of the bone, is the chief agent in lowering the hood and bracing its lower moiety to the side of the neck—it is antagonised by the greater part of the outer division which rises fleshy immediately behind the inner one, but nearly on the lower edge of the jaw, the origin of the mylohyoideus being between them. It immediately divides into two superposed fascicles, the deeper one being inserted into the lower surface of the thyrohyal, a little behind the insertion of the inner division—the other sub division is inserted posteriorly to the former one into the outer side of the bone for the rest of its length and acting thus advantageously is an efficient erector of the lower part of the hood.
  • 12

    Various body parts

  • 13

    Various body parts

hoodverb詞源 1/hʊd/

  • 1

    To cover (something) with a hood.

  • 2

    To extend out from (something), in the manner of a hood.

  • 3

    To grow over the eyelid but not the eye itself.

hoodnoun詞源 2/hʊd/

  • 1

    slangGangster, thug.

    • Teen-age hoods steal cars in cities, take them into the pines, strip them, ignite them, and leave the scene.

hoodadj詞源 3/hʊd/

  • 1

    Relating to inner-city everyday life, both positive and negative aspects; especially people’s attachment to and love for their neighborhoods.

hoodnoun詞源 3/hʊd/

  • 1

    slangA neighborhood.

    • What’s goin’ down in the hood?
    • Neighborhoods are now hoods cause nobody's neighbors / Just animals surviving with that animal behavior
  • 2

    slangAny poor suburb or neighbourhood.

hoodnoun詞源 4/hʊd/

  • 1

    Person wearing a hoodie.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。