核心畫面

You can picture a scrupulous person as someone who cannot walk past a small thing. Everyone else says it is too small to matter — five dollars of change, one step in a procedure, a promise nobody heard — and they stop anyway, because to them it is not small. All three uses are that same stop: over what is fair, over what is complete, or, turned inward and painful, over whether they themselves have done wrong.

「scrupulous」可以想成一個人走不過去一件小事。別人都說「這麼小沒差啦」——多找的五塊錢、流程裡的一個步驟、更多收起「scrupulous」可以想成一個人走不過去一件小事。別人都說「這麼小沒差啦」——多找的五塊錢、流程裡的一個步驟、沒人聽到的一句承諾——他還是停下來,因為對他來說那不小。這個字的三種用法,都可以想成同一個「停下來」:停在公不公平上、停在做完了沒有上,或者轉向自己、變成痛苦的那一種——一直停在「我是不是做錯了」上面。

Three branches

在誠實和公平上不肯放過

核心畫面裡那個「停下來」,停的是道德上的小事。這一家是稱讚,因為停的人並沒有被誰要求要停。

adjective · C1

Very careful to be completely honest and fair, even in small matters that nobody would ever check.

正直嚴謹;一絲不苟

在做事的細節上不肯漏掉

同一個「停下來」,換成停在流程和細節上:那一步看起來可以跳過,他就是不跳。跟道德無關,只跟徹底有關。

adjective · C1

Doing something so carefully that no step and no detail is left out.

極其仔細;一個細節都不漏

轉向自己的過度自責

畫面不變,方向變了:停下來檢查的對象是自己。而且停不下來,所以這一家不是稱讚,是在描述一種痛苦。

adjective · C2

Feeling guilty or anxious about whether your own actions are wrong, far more than the facts call for — the sense used in religious writing and in psychology for the condition called scrupulosity.

(宗教/心理)過度自責的