核心畫面

Picture a ball coming at you: something reaches you first, and then something comes back out of you. Respond can be thought of as that second movement — the one that only exists because something arrived. It always points back at what caused it, which is why respond so often sits next to to: you respond to a question, to a fire alarm, to a kind of medicine. Nothing gets called responding unless something came in first.

可以想成一顆球朝你飛過來:先是有東西到了你這裡,然後有東西從你這裡回出去。respond 的畫面比較像後面那個動作—更多收起可以想成一顆球朝你飛過來:先是有東西到了你這裡,然後有東西從你這裡回出去。respond 的畫面比較像後面那個動作——它之所以存在,完全是因為前面有東西先來了。它永遠指回那個「來的東西」,所以 respond 後面常常跟著 to:respond to a question(回應問題)、respond to a fire alarm(對火警警報做出反應)、respond to a medicine(對藥物有反應)。沒有先來的那一下,就沒有 respond。

Two branches

有東西來了,所以做出動作

這一群是核心畫面的兩個大小:一個是「做點什麼」(不一定用嘴巴),一個是「說點什麼」。差別只在回出去的那一下是行動還是話語。

react · verb · B2

To do something because of something that has been said or done to you.

回應

身體對治療起了反應

同一個「有東西進來、有東西回出去」的畫面,只是這次回應的不是人,是身體。藥進去了,身體給出反應——所以英文照樣用 respond,不必換字。

respond to treatment · verb · B2

To get better as a result of a medicine or treatment.

見效

原始詞典資料8 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

respondverb/ɹɪˈspɒnd/

  • 1

    To say something in return; to answer; to reply.

    • to respond to a question or an argument
  • 2

    To act in return; to carry out an action or in return to a force or stimulus; to do something in response.

    • As in much of biology, the most satisfying truths in ecology derive from manipulative experimentation. Tinker with nature and quantify how it responds.
  • 3

    To correspond with; to suit.

    • For his great deeds respond his speeches great.
  • 4

    To satisfy; to answer.

    • The prisoner was held to respond the judgment of the court.
  • 5

    To be liable for payment.

respondnoun/ɹɪˈspɒnd/

  • 1

    A response.

  • 2

    A versicle or short anthem chanted at intervals during the reading of a lection.

  • 3

    architectureA half-pillar, pilaster, or any corresponding device engaged in a wall to receive the impost of an arch.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。