核心畫面

Someone cannot be there to handle their own business — a landowner is away, an abbey is not a person, an emperor cannot stand in every province. So a second person is handed the right to act in their name: to sign, to pay, to collect, to decide. Everything this word means comes out of that handover. The power sits with the person, but it was lent, and it can be taken back. That is why the same word can name a clerk who signs for a monastery and an official who can send someone to court.

可以想成有人沒辦法親自處理自己的事。地主不在、修道院本身不是一個人、皇帝不可能站在每一個行省裡。於是另一個人被交付了更多收起可以想成有人沒辦法親自處理自己的事。地主不在、修道院本身不是一個人、皇帝不可能站在每一個行省裡。於是另一個人被交付了「用他的名義行事」的權利:簽名、付錢、收取、決定。這個字的每一種意思都從這個交付動作長出來。權力在他手上,但那是借來的,也可以收回。所以同一個字既能指替修道院簽字的人,也能指有權把案子送上法庭的官員。

From the word’s history

The supplied source traces procurator to Latin prōcūrātor, from prōcūrō, which is also the source of English procure; it is equivalent to procure plus -ator, and a doublet of proctor and procurer. So the word literally names the one who takes care of the business for someone.

資料裡說它來自拉丁文 prōcūrātor,源頭是 prōcūrō,也就是英文 procure 的來源;相當於 procure 加上 -ator,並且跟 proctor、procurer 是同源的變體。所以這個字字面上就是「替人把事情料理好的那個人」。

Wiktionary etymology supplied in evidence packet (kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1351046388): Middle English procuratour < Anglo-Norman procuratour < Latin prōcūrātor < prōcūrō; equivalent to procure + -ator; doublet of proctor and procurer.

Three branches

替別人辦事的人

這是交付動作本身,還沒有接上任何國家或制度。

noun · C2

Someone who has been appointed to look after another person's or another body's business and to act in their name — an agent or an attorney.

代理人;受託辦事的人

國家或教會授權的官員

把「委託人」換成國家、皇帝或教會,代理人就變成了官員。

noun · C2

An official who has been given legal power to act for a state, a ruler or a church — for example in the former Soviet Union, in the Roman Catholic Church, or in the ancient Roman Empire.

檢察官;受權代理的官員

蘇格蘭的固定職稱

同一種官員,在蘇格蘭凝固成一個兩字職稱,意思只屬於整個詞組。

noun · C2

In Scotland, the official who receives reports about crimes, decides whether there is enough evidence, and decides whether a person should be sent to court for a trial.

(蘇格蘭)檢察官