字面的滿出來（水與容器）
這一組就是核心畫面本身：真的有水、有邊、有越過邊的那個動作。
overflow with liquid · verb · C2
If a river, lake, or container overflows, it is so full that the water or things inside come out over the edges.
溢出
核心畫面
One way to picture it: water keeps coming into a container that is already full, so it climbs to the rim and spills over the edge — the container cannot hold any more, and the extra has to go somewhere.
水一直流進一個已經滿了的容器，水面爬到邊緣，然後越過邊緣流出去。這裡有三個東西同時在畫面裡——一個有邊界的容器、一股…更多收起
水一直流進一個已經滿了的容器，水面爬到邊緣，然後越過邊緣流出去。這裡有三個東西同時在畫面裡——一個有邊界的容器、一股持續進來的量、以及那股量多到邊界關不住它。字面就是 over（越過）+ flow（流），流過那道邊。之後不管裝的是水、是人、還是感情，畫面都沒變：東西多到裝不下，於是從邊上滿出來。From the word’s history
From Old English oferflōwan — ofer "over" + flōwan "to flow": literally to flow over the edge.
來自古英語 oferflōwan，就是 ofer（越過）+ flōwan（流）。這個字幾乎是把畫面直接寫在字面上——「流過去、流出邊界」，所以它的每個引申用法都還看得見那道被越過的邊。
Old English oferflōwan (ofer + flōwan), as given in the entry's attested origin note
Three branches
人多到裝不下
把水換成人，容器換成空間，「越過邊界」就變成「擠不進去、只好待在外面」。
overcrowded · verb · C2
If a place overflows with people, or people overflow into another place, there are too many of them to fit inside.
擠滿；容不下
多到滿出來的感覺與內容
這時候「容器」是人或空間，「內容物」是抽象的東西；越過邊界的意思，就從實際的流出，變成多到藏不住、外人也感覺得到。
be full of · verb · C2
To have a very large amount of something, so a place or person seems full of it. Often used as overflow with.
充滿；洋溢
原始詞典資料11 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
overflownoun/ˈəʊvəˌfləʊ/
- 1
The spillage resultant from overflowing.
- High crests of these overflows were: Manhattan, 23.0 feet, 8.0 above bankful, on June 16–17; Wamego, 20.8 feet, 4.8 feet above bankful, on June 17; Topeka, 26.8 feet, 5.8 feet above bankful, on June 17; […]
- 2
An outlet for escape of excess material.
- 3
Excess, superabundance
- GCN: Do you have an overflow of scripts? JG: I have more than we could ever do, certainly. But there's never an overflow of quality, and quality is really hard to come by, real quality.
- 4
computingengineeringmathematicsThe situation where a value exceeds the available numeric range.
overflowverb/ˌəʊvəˈfləʊ/
- 1
To flow over the brim of (a container).
- The river overflowed the levee into the road.
- Theſe are they that went ouer Ioꝛden in the firſt moneth, when it had ouerflowen all his* bankes, and they put to flight all them of the valleis, both toward the Eaſt, and toward the Weſt.
- 2
To cover with a liquid, literally or figuratively.
- The flash flood overflowed most of the parkland and some homes.
- So when they were working that evening at the pumps, there was on this head no small gamesomeness slily going on among them, as they stood with their feet continually overflowed by the rippling clear water […]
- 3
To cause an overflow.
- 4
To flow over the brim of a container.
- The waters overflowed into the Ninth Ward.
- 5
To be subject to a load that exceeds limits or capacity.
- The hospital ER was overflowing with flu cases.
- 6
To be subject to a load that exceeds limits or capacity.
- I see and feel that I want the first requisite — a heart overflowing with Divine love towards sinners
- 7
computingengineeringmathematicsTo (cause to) exceed the available numeric range.
- Calculating 255+1 will overflow an eight-bit byte.
- Some programs, especially online games, tend to have coding problems that leave them with memory holes - in other words, they don't delete information from your PC's memory once they're finished with it, they just keep adding and adding until everything overflows. Eventually, this can cause the game to crash to desktop, but adding more memory can help prevent this.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。