核心畫面

One way to hold this word: a long narrow open container that carries people or goods along one set path. The Venice boat is that shape in water - thin enough for a tight canal, open at the top, both ends lifted. Lift the same shape into the air on ropes or a cable and you get the balloon basket and the mountain cabin; set it on rails or on a shop floor and you get the open wagon and the free-standing shelf unit.

這個字可以想成「一個細長、開口朝上的容器,載著人或貨,沿著一條固定的路走」。威尼斯那艘船就是水面上的這個形狀:夠窄,更多收起這個字可以想成「一個細長、開口朝上的容器,載著人或貨,沿著一條固定的路走」。威尼斯那艘船就是水面上的這個形狀:夠窄,鑽得進小運河;上面是開的;兩頭翹起來。把同樣的形狀用繩索或鋼索吊到空中,就成了熱氣球的吊籃和山上的纜車車廂。把它放到鐵軌上、或放到賣場的地板上,就成了無頂的敞車和獨立站著的陳列架。

From the word’s history

Borrowed from Italian gondola, from the Venetan form gondola; the source also suggests a possible but uncertain link to Byzantine Greek kontoura, a kind of small ship.

從義大利文 gondola 借來,更早是威尼斯方言的 góndoƚa。資料另外提到一條「可能」的線:拜占庭希臘文 κοντοῦρα(一種小船),但這條線本身就標著不確定。

Wiktionary etymology in the supplied packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:723422689)

Three branches

水上的那艘船

核心畫面的原型,其他幾支都是從這艘船的形狀借過去的。

noun · B1

A long narrow boat with a flat bottom and a tall curved point at each end, used on the canals of Venice in Italy. One person stands at the back and moves it along with a single long oar.

貢多拉(威尼斯小船)

吊在半空中的艙

同一個「載人的容器」被吊了起來:上面換成氣球或鋼索負責浮、負責拉,底下那個裝人的部分仍然叫 gondola。

noun · B2

The basket or enclosed car that hangs under a hot-air balloon or an airship, where the pilot and the passengers stand or sit.

吊艙/吊籃

地面上的長形敞開容器

這一支留住的是形狀而不是「吊」:細長、上面敞開、東西從上方進出,跟那艘船的船身一樣。

noun · C1

An open railway wagon with low sides and no roof, used in the United States to carry heavy loads such as crushed rock, scrap metal or steel.

敞車(無頂的貨車廂)