核心畫面

Think of generality as the result of back. Up close you see one worker, one case, one classroom. Step back and you stop seeing any single one; you see the whole crowd and what is true of most of it. The step back gives you three things at once: the quality of covering a wide area, the crowd you are now looking at, and whatever you can say from that distance — which is broad, and has no detail left in it.

「generality」可以想成「往後退一步之後看到的東西」。湊近看,你看到的是一個工人、一個案例、一間教室。往後退更多收起「generality」可以想成「往後退一步之後看到的東西」。湊近看,你看到的是一個工人、一個案例、一間教室。往後退,單獨的那一個就消失了,剩下一大片,還有對這一大片大致成立的事。general 是「一般的、大多數的」,加上 -ity 就變成「那個性質、那個狀態」。這一退同時給你三樣東西:一是「涵蓋得很廣」這個性質;二是你現在看到的那一大群人或東西;三是站在這個距離講得出來的話——很廣,但細節都沒了。同一個動作,好處和壞處都在裡面:廣度是它的價值,沒有細節是它的代價。

From the word’s history

From Middle English generalite, from Anglo-Norman and Middle French generalité, from general + -ité, with influence from Latin generālitās. By surface analysis it is simply general + -ity: the quality of being general.

依據來源記載,這個字來自中古英語 generalite,再往前是盎格魯-諾曼語和中古法語的 generalité,也受到拉丁文 generālitās 影響。從字面拆開就是 general 加上 -ity,也就是「一般這個性質」,剛好就是這個字的核心。

Wiktionary entry “generality” (evidence packet etymology_text): Middle English generalite < Anglo-Norman / Middle French generalité < general + -ité; also influenced by Latin generālitās; by surface analysis general + -ity.

Two branches

涵蓋得廣:性質,還有被涵蓋的那一大群

這一組把「退一步」當成好事。看得廣,就能說得廣;而且你這時看到的那一大片人或東西,本身也拿同一個字來叫。

noun · C1

The quality of covering most cases instead of only one — how widely an idea, rule, or method holds true.

普遍性;通用程度

講得太廣的那句話

同樣是退一步,這裡退過頭了。距離讓你講得廣,也讓細節全部消失;只剩廣度的話,就成了空話。所以這一條的語氣跟另一組相反:那邊的「廣」是優點,這邊的「廣」是抱怨。

noun · C1

A statement that stays broad and covers many cases, without giving any detail or naming any particular case. It is normally used in the plural.

籠統的說法