圍住界線的屏障
這一支是核心畫面直接鋪開的部分:一道實體的界線,以及把它立起來的動作。
fence (barrier) · noun · B2
A line of wood, metal, or wire built around a piece of land to keep things in or out.
柵欄/圍籬
Picture a line built along the edge of a piece of land — wood, wire, or rail — that decides what stays in and what stays out. That barrier guarding a boundary is the picture the whole word grows from; even its stranger senses (the sword sport, the sit-on-it stance) trace back to this idea of a defended line.
'Fence' is a clipped form of 'defence' (early 14c.), from Latin 'defendere' = ward off. It first meant the act or means of defence; the sense 'an enclosure' grew from 'that which serves as a defence' by the mid-1400s. That shared root is why one word still holds both the wall around a field and the sport of defending yourself with a blade.
fence 是 defence(防禦)砍短來的字(14世紀初),源自拉丁文 defendere『擋開、保護』。它最早指的是『防禦的行為或手段』;到15世紀中,才從『用來防禦的東西』延伸出『圍起來的界線』。正是這個共同的字根,讓『田邊的圍籬』和『用劍防守自己的運動』會共用同一個字。
etymonline.com/word/fence; Wiktionary 'fence' (aphetic shortening of 'defence' < Latin defendere)
Four branches
圍住界線的屏障
這一支是核心畫面直接鋪開的部分:一道實體的界線,以及把它立起來的動作。
fence (barrier) · noun · B2
A line of wood, metal, or wire built around a piece of land to keep things in or out.
柵欄/圍籬
騎在圍牆上不下來
借用『圍籬是兩塊地之間的界線』這個畫面:界線兩邊各是一方立場。
sit on the fence · noun · B2
Used in 'sit on the fence' to mean you will not say which side of an argument you support.
騎牆/保持中立
防守與閃避(回到 defence 的老本義)
這一支不是從『圍籬』延伸出去,而是直接踩回字的老根 defence:重點是『守住自己、把對方擋掉』,和圍籬的『守住界線』其實是同一股防守的力氣。
fence (sword sport) · verb · B2
To take part in the sport where two people fight with long thin swords.
擊劍
銷贓的中間人
接的是『防護、遮擋』這層:銷贓者像一道屏障,替小偷擋掉風險、遮住贓物的去向。
fence (dealer in stolen goods) · noun · B2
A person who buys and sells things that have been stolen.
銷贓者
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
fencenoun/fɛns/
A thin artificial barrier that separates two pieces of land or forms a perimeter enclosing the lands of a house, building, etc.
informalSomeone who hides or buys and sells stolen goods, a criminal middleman for transactions of stolen goods.
The place whence such a middleman operates.
Skill in oral debate.
obsoleteThe art or practice of fencing.
A guard or guide on machinery.
A barrier, for example an emotional barrier.
lawA prohibition enacted to prevent violation of another more primary rule.
computingengineeringmathematicsA memory barrier.
ball-gamescricketgamesThe boundary.
fenceverb/fɛns/
To enclose, contain or separate by building fence.
To defend or guard.
To engage in the selling or buying of stolen goods.
hobbieslifestylesportsTo engage in the sport of fencing (against).
equestrianismhobbieshorsesTo jump over a fence.
To conceal the truth by giving equivocal answers; to hedge; to be evasive.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。