核心畫面

Picture the strip of land where the sea meets the shore — the coast. From that one picture the word grows two ways: the noun stays at that edge of land and sea, while the verb comes from sailing along that coastline. To sail a coast you let the shore carry you and ride the current rather than hard, and that 'keep along without working the engine' feeling became the modern verb — moving on built-up momentum instead of fresh effort.

可以想成海水拍上陸地、海與陸相接的那條邊——海岸。coast 的核心比較像這條「海陸交界的邊」這個畫面,名詞一直待在更多收起可以想成海水拍上陸地、海與陸相接的那條邊——海岸。coast 的核心比較像這條「海陸交界的邊」這個畫面,名詞一直待在這條邊上,而動詞則是從「沿著這條海岸線航行」延伸出來的:沿岸而行時,你讓海岸帶著你、順著水流滑,而不是拚命划槳,於是「不再出力、就這樣順著滑下去」的感覺成了現代的動詞——靠已經有的衝力前進,而不是重新使力。

Two branches

海陸交界的邊(名詞)

名詞家族就停在核心畫面上:那條海與陸相接的邊本身,以及由它衍生的一個固定說法。

seashore · noun · B1

The land that is next to the sea, where the land and the sea meet.

海岸 / 海濱

順著衝力滑行(動詞)

動詞家族從「沿海岸航行、順著水流滑」這層意思長出來:核心不再是那條邊,而是「不重新使力、靠既有的衝力或優勢順順前進」這個動作。

coast (vehicle rolling) · verb · B1

When a car or bike coasts, it keeps moving on its own, without you pushing or using the engine.

滑行

原始詞典資料12 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Coastname

  • 1

    A region of British Columbia, Canada.

coastnoun詞源 1/kəʊst/

  • 1

    The edge of the land where it meets an ocean, sea, gulf, bay, or large lake.

    • The rocky coast of Maine has few beaches.
    • a town on the coast of Trinidad
  • 2

    obsoleteThe side or edge of something.

    • And the Coaſt towards which the lines KL and VX are drawn, may be call’d the Coaſt of unuſual Refraction.
  • 3

    obsoleteA region of land; a district or country.

    • Then Herod perceavynge that he was moocked off the wyse men, was excedynge wroth, and sent forth and slue all the chyldren that were in bethleem, and in all the costes thereof […]
    • P. Crescentius, in his lib. 1 de agric. cap. 5, is very copious in this subject, how a house should be wholesomely sited, in a good coast, good air, wind, etc.
  • 4

    obsoleteA region of the air or heavens.

    • the learned Merlin, well could tell, / Vnder what coast of heauen the man did dwell […]

coastverb詞源 2/kəʊst/

  • 1

    To glide along without adding energy; to allow a vehicle to continue moving forward after disengaging the engine or ceasing to apply motive power.

    • When I ran out of gas, fortunately I managed to coast into a nearby gas station.
    • We steamed easily across the first part of the Tay Bridge, and then after passing over the long spans in mid-stream we coasted smoothly down the 1 in 114 gradient, and around the sweeping curve through Esplanade Station.
  • 2

    nauticaltransportTo sail along a coast.

    • The Ancients coasted only in their Navigations.
    • The bold little ships even broke through the Gates of Hercules to the open ocean, coasting then northward to take the gold of Ireland and the tin of Cornwall, as well as southward, around the bulge of Senegal, to remote Yorubaland and the distant marts of ivory, gold, and slaves.
  • 3

    To make a minimal effort; to continue to do something in a routine way, without initiative or effort.

    • Yet the truth is that City would probably have been coasting by that point if the referee, Michael Oliver, had not turned down three separate penalties, at least two of which could be accurately described as certainties.
    • Rehearsal goes reasonably. Wheeler long ago swore that he would never coast through a performance, and he plays decently well. But it seems to him as if a lot of the orchestra is distracted. Some cues get missed. He makes meaningful eye contact with the conductor a couple of times, and they share a frustrated look. When they break for dinner, late in the afternoon, the conductor, whose name is Luján, privately remarks to him, "Their eyes need fixing."
  • 4

    obsoleteTo draw near to; to approach; to keep near, or by the side of.

    • Anon she hears them chant it lustily, / And all in haste she coasteth to the cry.
    • The 25. day of the same moneth we fell with the Cape Cantin , vpon the coast of Barbarie , and coasting along , the 27. day we found an Island called Mogado
  • 5

    obsoleteTo sail by or near; to follow the coastline of.

    • Nearchus, […] not knowing the compass, was fain to coast that shore.
  • 6

    obsoleteTo conduct along a coast or river bank.

    • The Indians […] coasted me a long the river.
  • 7

    dialectalTo slide downhill; to slide on a sled upon snow or ice.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。