屬於平民、非軍方
最貼核心的一群：直接講「國家裡平民百姓這一邊」，常跟軍隊、政府、宗教那一邊相對。
non-military · adjective · C1
Relating to ordinary people or things in a country, not the army, the government, or a religion.
非軍方的 / 民間的
核心畫面
To do with ordinary citizens and the everyday side of a country — the general public and their affairs, as opposed to the army, the church, or crime.
可以想成「跟一般市民、跟國家裡平民百姓那一面有關」的畫面。civil 來自拉丁文 civis（市民、公民），所以核心…更多收起
可以想成「跟一般市民、跟國家裡平民百姓那一面有關」的畫面。civil 來自拉丁文 civis（市民、公民），所以核心圍著「普通國民、平民生活那一塊」打轉——常常是拿來跟軍方、宗教、或刑事這些「另一邊」做對比。連「客氣有禮」這個用法，也可以想成「像個有教養的市民那樣對待人」。Three branches
民事法律
把「平民之間的事」收進法律裡：處理人與人之間私下的糾紛，相對於處理犯罪的刑事。
civil, not criminal (law) · adjective · C1
Relating to laws about private matters between people, like business or property, not laws about crime.
民事的
有禮但冷淡
從「像個有教養的市民」這個意思長出來：照社會該有的禮數待人，表面客氣到位，但不帶熱情。
politely distant · adjective · C1
Polite in a formal way, but not warm or friendly.
客氣的 / 有禮但冷淡的
原始詞典資料6 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Civilname
- 1
A surname.
civiladj/ˈsɪv.əl/
- 1
Having to do with people and government office as opposed to the military or religion.
- She went into civil service because she wanted to help the people.
- A third is wroth: ‘Is this an hour For private sorrow’s barren song, When more and more the people throng The chairs and thrones of civil power?’
- 2
Behaving in a reasonable or polite manner; avoiding displays of hostility.
- It was very civil of him to stop the argument.
- They despise each other, but they are always civil in public.
- 3
archaicIn a peaceful and well-ordered state.
- Herein thou haſt done good ſeruice to thy country: VVere all inhumaine ſlaues ſo ſerued as he, England would be ciuill, and from all ſuch dealings free.
- 4
lawRelating to private relations among citizens, as opposed to criminal matters.
- a civil case
- 5
Secular.
- As if our Saviour had said, No man can enter into heaven except he be born again; so as he speaketh not only of notorious Sinners, as Adulterers, Drunkards, Swearers, & c. but of all who are in their natural condition, tho' they live never so unblameably, free from scandalous sins, if they be not born again, their civil Righteousness will do them little good, for they shall never see the Kingdom of God.
- The word from which "evil" in Romans 13.4 is translated means "generally opposed to civil goodness or virtue, in a commonwealth, and not to spiritual good, or religion, in the church.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。