喜樂美語
  1. 1
    nC2

    /səˈvɪljən/ · /sɪˈvɪliən/

    A person who is not a member of the army, navy, air force, or the police.

    平民／老百姓

    複數 civilians

    例句逐字對照、搭配詞、易混淆字

    這一義的完整解析還沒打開。訂閱後可以看到例句怎麼拆、常跟哪些字一起出現， 以及容易跟它搞混的字。

    看看訂閱內容

核心畫面

Picture everyone who is not in uniform — not a soldier, not a police officer. A civilian is just an ordinary member of the public, defined by what they are not: not part of the armed forces.

可以想成沒穿制服的那一群人：不是軍人、不是警察，就是一般在過日子的老百姓。這個字有意思的地方在於，它是用「不是什麼」…更多收起可以想成沒穿制服的那一群人：不是軍人、不是警察，就是一般在過日子的老百姓。這個字有意思的地方在於，它是用「不是什麼」來定義的——不站在軍隊或警察那一邊。

From the word’s history

civilian goes back to Latin civis 'citizen' via civilis 'belonging to civil (citizen) life'. The word carries the idea of ordinary civil life — the life of the townsperson — set against military life.

civilian 追到拉丁文 civis（公民、市民），經由 civilis（屬於公民生活的）而來。字根裡帶的是「一般市民過的日子」，正好和軍旅生活相對——所以 civilian 指的就是過著平常公民生活、不在軍中的人。

etymonline.com/word/civilian

原始詞典資料7 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

civiliannoun/sɪˈvɪl.jən/

  • 1

    A person following the pursuits of civil life, especially one who is not an active member of the armed forces.

    • An army never can be commanded or controlled by civilians.
    • Three civilians were apprehended by the soldiers and taken away in a military vehicle.
  • 2

    informalA person who does not belong to a particular group or engage in a particular activity, an outsider.

    • I have this vision one day that I'll walk amongst you a regular civilian.
    • The bathroom was for employees only, so civilians weren't allowed to use it.
  • 3

    One skilled in civil law.

    • Ancient civilians and writers upon government.
  • 4

    A student of civil law at a university or college.

    • although he kept his name in the college books, and changed his commoner gown to that of a civilian, yet he had now, I believe, no thoughts of proceeding to any degree; and seldom resided in college any more
  • 5

    slangA person not affiliated with a gang.

  • 6

    An employee of the civil service.

civilianadj/sɪˈvɪl.jən/

  • 1

    Not related to the military, police or other governmental professions.

    • The three detainees were actually army defectors wearing civilian clothing.
    • He worked as a civilian journalist for ten years before being employed by the public broadcaster.

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。