放鬆·不當回事的態度
核心那份「不綁死、輕輕帶過」用在人的態度上:不緊張、不太在意。
casual (relaxed attitude) · adjective · B1
Taking something lightly and showing little worry, whether that feeling is real or not.
隨性/不在乎
A helpful thread through all of 'casual': nothing is pinned down or taken too seriously — things are loose, , taken lightly. From a relaxed person who isn't , the word spreads to loose clothes, temporary jobs, chance meetings — anything where nothing is fixed or heavy.
From Latin casualis 'by chance', from casus 'a falling, chance', from cadere 'to fall'. The oldest idea is 'whatever happens to fall out, by chance' — and that unplanned, unfixed feeling is exactly what ties the relaxed, informal and occasional senses together.
源自拉丁文 casualis「碰巧的」,來自 casus「墜落、機遇」,再上溯到 cadere「落下」。最古老的意思是「碰巧掉下來、剛好發生的事」——這種「沒安排、沒固定」的感覺,正好把放鬆、非正式、偶爾等意思全都串在一起。
Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com/word/casual)
Four branches
放鬆·不當回事的態度
核心那份「不綁死、輕輕帶過」用在人的態度上:不緊張、不太在意。
casual (relaxed attitude) · adjective · B1
Taking something lightly and showing little worry, whether that feeling is real or not.
隨性/不在乎
非正式·便服
態度放鬆了,穿著也跟著鬆下來:不講究、不正式的日常打扮。
casual (clothing) · adjective · B1
Comfortable and not formal, used especially about clothes you wear on relaxed days.
非正式的/便服的
不固定·臨時
核心的「沒被綁定」用在關係與安排上:短暫的、不深的、不規律的,都沒有被固定下來。
casual (temporary work) · adjective · B1
Working somewhere only for a short time, not as a permanent job.
臨時的(工作)
偶然·沒計畫
回到字根 casus「碰巧發生」:事情不是排好的,而是剛好落下來、湊巧發生的。
casual (by chance) · adjective · B1
Happening by chance, without being planned in advance.
偶然的/隨口的
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
casualadj/ˈkaʒ(uː)əl/
Happening by chance.
Coming without regularity; occasional or incidental.
Employed irregularly.
Careless.
Happening or coming to pass without design.
Informal; relaxed.
Designed for informal or everyday use.
casualnoun/ˈkaʒ(uː)əl/
A worker who is only working for a company occasionally, not as its permanent employee.
A worker who is doing a particular type of job temporarily, not as a lifetime career.
A soldier temporarily at a place of duty, usually en route to another place of duty.
historicalA member of a group of football hooligans who wear expensive designer clothing to avoid police attention; see casual (subculture).
historicalOne who receives relief for a night in a parish to which he or she does not belong; a vagrant in the casual ward.
derogatoryinformalvideo-gamesA player of casual games.
slanglifestyleA person whose engagement with media is relaxed or superficial.
datedA tramp.
Shoes suitable for everyday use, as opposed to more formal footwear.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。