把理由攤出來
這一家共用同一個動作：拿出理由讓事情站得住腳。差別只在理由推向哪裡——推向一個主張、推向一個人，或者由事實本身推出來。
make a case · verb · B1
To give clear reasons to show that something is true or should be done.
主張／論述
核心畫面
You can picture someone laying their reasons out on the table, one after another, so that anyone looking can see why the thing must be so. That is the move at the centre of argue: bringing evidence into the open to make something clear. Once two people are laying out opposing reasons at each other, the same move turns into a quarrel — which is how one word covers both a journal article and a fight in the kitchen.
可以想成一個人把自己的理由一條一條攤在桌上，讓在場的人看清楚為什麼事情就是這樣。argue 的核心動作可以想成這個「…更多收起
可以想成一個人把自己的理由一條一條攤在桌上，讓在場的人看清楚為什麼事情就是這樣。argue 的核心動作可以想成這個「把理由攤出來，讓事情變清楚」。而當兩個人各自攤出相反的理由、還互相往對方那邊推的時候，同一個動作就變成了吵架——所以一篇論文和廚房裡的一場爭執，英文用的是同一個字。From the word’s history
From Latin arguere 'make clear, make known, prove, declare, demonstrate' (via Old French arguer). English took it around 1300 as 'to make reasoned statements to prove or refute a proposition'; the sense 'oppose, dispute, contend in argument' only develops by the late 14c. So the clarifying/proving sense is the older one, and the quarrelling sense grew out of it.
argue 來自拉丁文 arguere，意思是「弄清楚、讓人知道、證明、指明」，經古法文 arguer 進入英文。英文大約在 1300 年借進來時是「提出有理由的說法來證明或反駁一個主張」；「爭執、對立、吵起來」的意思要到 14 世紀末才長出來。也就是說，「講道理」才是這個字比較早的樣子，「吵架」是從它衍生出去的。
Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com), entry “argue”
Two branches
兩邊各持己見的爭執
把「攤理由」變成雙向的：兩個人同時攤、而且各攤各的，火氣就上來了。這一家的重點從「說清楚」滑到「不同意」，所以句型也跟著變成 argue with someone about something。
quarrel · verb · B1
To speak angrily with someone because you do not agree with them.
吵架／爭論
原始詞典資料7 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Arguename
- 1
A surname.
argueverb/ˈɑː.ɡjuː/
- 1
To show grounds for concluding (that); to indicate, imply.
- The new increase in crime argues for even tougher jail sentences, according to some.
- To have killed Laploshka was one thing; to have kept his beloved money would have argued a callousness of feeling of which I was not capable.
- 2
To debate, disagree, or discuss opposing or differing viewpoints; to controvert; to wrangle.
- He also argued for stronger methods to be used against China.
- He argued as follows: America should stop Lend-Lease convoying, because it needs to fortify its own Army with the supplies.
- 3
To have an argument, a quarrel.
- Dave Merrill: You and Dad were arguing again. Kate Merrill: We weren't arguing. We were talking... loudly.
- 4
To present (a viewpoint or an argument therefor).
- He argued his point.
- He argued that America should stop Lend-Lease convoying because it needed to fortify its own Army with the supplies.
- 5
obsoleteTo prove.
- 6
obsoleteTo accuse.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。