喜樂美語

核心畫面

One grown-up female person standing in front of you — the plain, everyday picture the word starts from.

可以想成眼前一個成年的女性——這就是這個字最樸素的起點。其他意思都是從這個基本畫面往外走：有的放大成「全體女性」，有…更多收起可以想成眼前一個成年的女性——這就是這個字最樸素的起點。其他意思都是從這個基本畫面往外走：有的放大成「全體女性」，有的縮小成某個身分（女傭、女伴），有的進到固定片語裡帶上特別的味道。

Four branches

成年女性（基本義）

最靠近核心畫面的一群：一個成年女性本人，或把所有女性看成一個整體。從「一個人」放大到「一類人」。

an adult female · noun · A1

An adult female person.

女人 / 女性

標出女性身分的用法

把「女性」這個身分貼到一個角色上：當字尾標出某職業由女性擔任，或在固定片語裡指某種身分（外遇對象、做自己主人的女性）。重點從「一個人」轉到「她的身分或角色」。

-woman (job suffix) · noun · A1

Used at the end of a word to show a woman who does a certain kind of job.

（字尾）女性…員

指某人的女伴

把「一個女人」縮到一段關係裡：特指某個男人的妻子或女友。從泛指一個人，變成「他的那個女人」，帶有佔有的口吻——所以許多女性不喜歡這種說法。

wife or girlfriend (informal) · noun · A1

An informal word for a man's wife or girlfriend that many women dislike.

（口語）某人的女伴（多數女性不喜歡）

帶情緒或舊時代色彩的稱呼

同一個字被放進帶情緒或舊時代的場合：生氣時無禮地直呼對方，或舊時指雇來的女傭。畫面還是「一個女性」，但口吻和年代讓它帶上特別的味道。

woman! (rude address) · noun · A1

An old-fashioned, rude way of speaking to a woman when you are angry.

（過時、無禮）喂，女人！

原始詞典資料10 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

womannoun/ˈwʊmən/

  • 1

    An adult female human.

    • the first woman president of Spain
    • But this woman is a nice German woman that fell on the ice and sprained her ankle last winter, and we saw to her well as we could till she got better.
  • 2

    All female humans collectively; womankind.

    • THESE are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands by it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman.
    • Listen, Holly. Thou art a good and honest man, and I fain would spare thee; but, oh! it is so hard for woman to be merciful.
  • 3

    A female person, usually an adult: a (generally adult) female sentient being, whether human, supernatural, elf, alien, etc.

    • Sir, have you ever served with any Bajoran women?
    • To be born a woman has been to be born, within an allotted and confined space, into the keeping of men.
  • 4

    A wife (or sometimes a fiancée or girlfriend).

    • Who can find a virtuous woman? For her price is far above rubies. The heart of her husband doth safely trust in her, So that he shall have no need of spoil.
    • And then, when he lies with his woman, the man may concurrently be with God, and so get increase of his soul.
  • 5

    A female person who is extremely fond of or devoted to a specified type of thing. (Used as the last element of a compound.)

    • Perhaps my problem is that I am a cat woman. I can't imagine any finicky feline (and they all are that at one time or another) slobbering over anyone, even a beloved owner, the way a dog does.
  • 6

    A female attendant or servant.

    • By her woman I sent your message.

womanverb/ˈwʊmən/

  • 1

    To staff with female labor.

    • […]he should prove, from the testimony of the most experienced seamen, that the vessel was, if not, strictly speaking, sufficiently manned, yet that she was sufficiently manned and womanned. The Gypsey was a vessel of 43 tons burden, and there were on board two able seamen and the Captain’s wife, who was a very good sailor;
    • Apparently the Sixty-ninth Street office of Bagby Answers, Inc., was being womaned for the day from other offices.
  • 2

    To make effeminate or womanish.

    • I have felt so many quirks of joy and grief / That the first face of neither on the start / Can woman me unto't.
  • 3

    To furnish with, or unite to, a woman.

    • And think it no addition, nor my wish, / To have him see me woman'd.
  • 4

    To call (a person) "woman" in a disrespectful fashion.

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。