核心畫面

You can think of -hood as a container that holds people of one kind. Sometimes what matters is the state of being inside it — childhood, . Sometimes what matters is everyone inside it taken together — a neighbourhood is the neighbours as one body. Womanhood opens both ways: the state of being a woman, and the women as a whole. A third use looks at what has been packed into the container — the qualities people expect a woman to have once she is in it.

-hood 可以想成一個裝人的容器。有時候重點是「待在裡面的那個狀態」,像 childhood(童年)、mother更多收起-hood 可以想成一個裝人的容器。有時候重點是「待在裡面的那個狀態」,像 childhood(童年)、motherhood(當媽媽)。有時候重點是「裡面的人合起來的一群」,像 neighbourhood(街坊)就是鄰居們。womanhood 兩邊都開:既可以是身為女人的狀態,也可以是女性全體。還有第三種用法,看的是這個容器被裝了什麼——社會覺得進到裡面就該有的那些樣子。

From the word’s history

From Middle English womanhoode (variants wommanhod, whomanhode), by surface analysis woman + -hood — the container is right there in the spelling.

來自中古英語 womanhoode,拆開來就是 woman 加 -hood。容器的畫面直接寫在字面上。

Wiktionary 'womanhood' etymology supplied in this packet (From Middle English womanhoode... By surface analysis, woman + -hood).

Two branches

待在裡面的狀態:身分與階段

容器的第一種讀法:重點在「處於這個狀態」。

noun · B2

The state of being a woman — either as opposed to being a man, or as the stage of life a girl enters when she grows up.

身為女人;長大成人

裡面的人合起來:女性全體

容器的第二種讀法:重點在「裡面的人合成一群」,跟 neighbourhood 走同一條路。

noun · C1

Women as one whole group, especially all the women of a particular country, place or community.

女性全體