One way to hold this word is a muscle that pulls tight and will not let go. Everything else on the page is that one picture moved somewhere else: onto a whole person, and then into a playground insult.
spastic 可以想成「一條繃緊、鬆不開的肌肉」。它跟 spasm(痙攣)同一個字根,原本就是在講這個狀態。這個字後來的每一步,都是同一張畫面被搬到別的地方:先搬到一個人身上,變成舊時候對腦性麻痺者的稱呼;再搬進操場上的嘲笑,變成罵人笨手笨腳的話。愈往後搬,離肌肉愈遠,傷人愈重。
From the word’s history
Borrowed from Latin spasticus, from Ancient Greek spastikos, 'drawing in'. By surface analysis it is spasm + -tic, which is why the muscle picture sits at the centre.
資料上寫的是:借自拉丁文 spasticus,再往前是古希臘文 spastikós,意思是「拉進來、抽緊」。從字面拆也是 spasm(痙攣)加上 -tic。所以「繃緊」這個畫面不是後來想出來的比喻,它本來就在字裡面。
Wiktionary, "spastic"
登入就可以看每一支怎麼連回核心畫面。