在場：人事物就在這裡
這一族就是核心畫面本身：純粹陳述「某人某物在某地」。
presence (being in a place) · noun · B2
The fact that someone or something is in a particular place.
在場、存在
核心畫面
Someone or something is HERE — physically in this place. Presence is the plain fact of being-there: the opposite of absence. Everything else the word does grows from that one fact of 'being in the room'.
可以想成一個最單純的事實：某人、某物「就在這裡、在這個地方」。presence 就是「在場」這件事本身，正好跟「不在…更多收起
可以想成一個最單純的事實：某人、某物「就在這裡、在這個地方」。presence 就是「在場」這件事本身，正好跟「不在（absence）」相反。後面所有引申——氣場、駐軍、市場存在感、看不見的靈體——都是從這個「人事物確實在這個空間裡」的畫面長出來的。Four branches
存在感：因為「在」而被注意到
從「人在這裡」往前一步：不只是身體在，而是「在得讓人感覺得到」。一個人或一家公司一旦出現就引起注意、留下印象，就是這一族。
presence (commanding quality, charisma) · noun · B2
A quality in someone that makes people notice and respect them.
風采、氣場
駐守：一群人「擺在那裡」維持控制
把「在場」用在一整群人（多半是軍警）身上：他們被「放在某地、長期在那裡」以維持秩序。
a presence (group stationed to keep control) · noun · B2
A group of people, especially soldiers or police, who are in a place to keep control.
駐軍、駐守人員
看不見的存在：感覺得到卻看不見
「在場」的另一端：身體看不見，但仍讓人覺得「有什麼在這裡」。
a presence (unseen spirit or feeling) · noun · B2
A spirit or feeling that cannot be seen but seems to be near.
（看不見的）存在、靈體
原始詞典資料11 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
presencenoun/ˈpɹɛzəns/
- 1
The fact or condition of being present, or of being within sight or call, or at hand.
- Any painter can benefit from the presence of a live model from which to draw.
- Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers, of errand not wholly obvious to their fellows, yet of such sort as to call into query alike the nature of their errand and their own relations. It is easily earned repetition to state that Josephine St. Auban's was a presence not to be concealed.
- 2
The part of space within one's immediate vicinity.
- Bob never said anything about it in my presence.
- 3
A quality of poise and effectiveness that enables a performer to achieve a close relationship with their audience.
- 4
A quality that sets an individual out from others; a quality that makes them noticed and/or admired even if they are not speaking or performing.
- Despite being less than five foot, she filled up the theatre with her stage presence.
- Perrin Ferris succeeds in his equally demanding task of maintaining some semblance of presence while sharing the stage with a chronic upstager.
- 5
Something (as a spirit) felt or believed to be present.
- I'm convinced that there was a presence in that building that I can't explain, which led to my heroic actions.
- 6
A company's business activity in a particular market.
- 7
archaicAn assembly of great persons.
- 8
The state of being closely focused on the here and now, not distracted by irrelevant thoughts.
另外 1 個記錄的用法
- 9
audioelectrical-engineeringengineeringSynonym of room tone.
presenceverb/ˈpɹɛzəns/
- 1
human-sciencesphilosophysciencesTo make or become present.
- Presence means: the constant abiding that approaches man, reaches him, is extended to him. But what is this source of this extending reach to which the present belongs as presencing, insofar as there is presence? True, man always remains approached by the presencing of something actually present without explicitly heeding presencing itself.
- Within a completely neutral horizon, the primordial continuous stream of experience is presenced without interruption. As this time, the past and future have no meaning apart from the now in which they are presenced.
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。