核心畫面

You can hold the everyday pole as a long, thin, straight stick of wood or metal, often stood upright in the ground to hold something up — a , a tent pole. Note that pole hides two different words that ended up spelled alike: this stick-pole, and a separate 'end of an axis' pole.

日常的 pole 可以想成一根又長又細又直的木棍或金屬桿,常直直插在地上撐起東西——旗桿、帳篷桿。要留意的是:pol更多收起日常的 pole 可以想成一根又長又細又直的木棍或金屬桿,常直直插在地上撐起東西——旗桿、帳篷桿。要留意的是:pole 其實藏了兩個來源不同、卻拼成一樣的字——這根「桿子」,還有另一支「軸的端點」的極。

From the word’s history

The stick sense comes from Latin palus 'stake', via Old English pal — a driven-in post. That gives the upright, load-bearing stick still at the core.

「桿子」這一支來自拉丁文 palus(樁、椿),經古英語 pal 進來——就是打進地裡的一根柱子,所以核心一直是那根立起來、能撐住東西的桿。

Wiktionary / OED: pole (n.1) < Old English pāl < Latin pālus 'stake'

Three branches

長桿(實物與動作)

核心那根桿子本身,以及拿它來使力的動作。

pole (stick) · noun · C2

A long thin stick made of wood or metal, often stood up straight in the ground to hold something up.

桿子

軸的端點(地極、磁極、電極)

這一支跟桿子無關,是另一個來源:東西繞著一根軸轉,軸的兩個端點就叫 pole。地球、磁鐵、電池都有這樣一頭一尾的兩端。

pole (of the earth) · noun · C2

The point at the very top or very bottom of the Earth or another planet.

極(地極)

相隔最遠的兩極(比喻)

從「軸的兩端」再走一步:南北兩極是地球上相隔最遠的兩點,於是 pole 拿來比喻兩個對立到不能再對立的立場。

opposite extreme · noun · C2

One of two ideas, opinions, or situations that are the complete opposite of each other.

兩極、對立面

原始詞典資料28 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Polenoun詞源 1/pəʊl/

  • 1

    A person from Poland or of Polish descent.

    • The Poles are well dressed, handsome, and somehow on a larger scale than their surroundings, as if they have grown since the war and Poland itself has not.

Polename詞源 2/pəʊl/

  • 1

    A surname.

polenoun詞源 1/pəʊl/

  • 1

    Originally, a stick; now specifically, a long and slender piece of metal or (especially) wood, used for various construction or support purposes.

    • For a spell we done pretty well. Then there came a reg'lar terror of a sou'wester same as you don't get one summer in a thousand, and blowed the shanty flat and ripped about half of the weir poles out of the sand.
    • There she was, walking around with an IV pole, and we were only told that "Mommy isn't feeling so well, so she has to be connected to a special soda."
  • 2

    A construction by which an animal is harnessed to a carriage.

  • 3

    fishinghobbieslifestyleA type of basic fishing rod.

  • 4

    A long sports implement used for pole-vaulting; now made of glassfiber or carbon fiber, formerly also metal, bamboo and wood have been used.

  • 5

    slangA telescope used to identify birds, aeroplanes or wildlife.

  • 6

    historicalA unit of length, equal to a rod (¹⁄₄ chain or 5+¹⁄₂ yards).

  • 7

    hobbieslifestylemotor-racingA pole position.

  • 8

    slangA rifle.

另外 2 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    vulgarslangA penis.

  • 10

    slangball-gamescricketgamesA wicket, especially in the context of the number of wickets taken by a particular bowler.

    • Only three cricketers have taken all 10 poles in a Test innings.

poleverb詞源 1/pəʊl/

  • 1

    To propel by pushing with poles, to push with a pole.

    • Huck Finn poled that raft southward down the Mississippi because going northward against the current was too much work.
  • 2

    To identify something quite precisely using a telescope.

    • He poled off the serial of the Gulfstream to confirm its identity.
  • 3

    To furnish with poles for support.

    • to pole beans or hops
  • 4

    To convey on poles.

    • to pole hay into a barn
  • 5

    To stir, as molten glass, with a pole.

  • 6

    ball-gamesbaseballgamesTo strike (the ball) very hard.

    • Long had poled the ball into the lower deck in right center.
  • 7

    engineeringmetallurgynatural-sciencesTo treat (copper) by blowing natural gas or other reducing agent through the molten oxide, burning off the oxygen.

    • to pole copper

polenoun詞源 2/pəʊl/

  • 1

    Either of the two points on the earth's surface around which it rotates; also, similar points on any other rotating object.

  • 2

    A point of magnetic focus, especially each of the two opposing such points of a magnet (designated north and south).

  • 3

    Any of a small set of extremes; especially, either of two extremes that are possible or available.

    • In discussing alternatives to the polar extremes, Professor Nguyen mentioned two poles of a filthy floor versus a sterile surgical site.
    • Genuine music is the offspring of profound emotion: of exaltation, pain, or joy. Music produced outside of a situation between these poles of the human heart is of banal character, bloodless, watery.
  • 4

    geometrymathematicssciencesA fixed point relative to other points or lines.

  • 5

    businesselectrical-engineeringelectricityA contact on an electrical device (such as a battery) at which electric current enters or leaves.

  • 6

    complex-analysismathematicssciencesFor a meromorphic function f(z), any point a for which f(z)→∞ as z→a.

    • The function f(z)#61;#92;frac#123;1#125;#123;z-3#125; has a single pole at z#61;3.
  • 7

    obsoleteThe firmament; the sky.

    • And the slope sun his upward beam / Shoots against the dusky pole,
  • 8

    Either of the states that characterize a bipolar disorder.

poleverb詞源 2/pəʊl/

  • 1

    To induce piezoelectricity in (a substance) by aligning the dipoles.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。