一團沒有形狀的固體
這一組直接就是核心畫面的實體版本:手上、身上、糖罐裡真的可以指出來的那一團。
lump, shapeless piece · noun · C2
A small piece of something solid that does not have a regular shape, such as butter, coal, clay, or a bit of food that has not mixed in.
小塊
A useful picture: a shapeless solid mass — a piece of something that has no proper form of its own, just a blob you could hold. From there it becomes a swelling under skin, a heaviness in the throat, and the act of shoving different things into one blob.
From Middle English lumpe, from a Germanic base related to words for something hanging loosely or slack — compare Dutch lomp and German Lumpen, both 'rag'. The family's picture is of a soft, formless, slack mass rather than anything shaped, which is exactly what the modern core still carries.
來自中古英語 lumpe,屬於一個日耳曼語詞族,同族的荷蘭語 lomp、低地德語 Lump 都是「破布」的意思。破布正好說明了這個字的骨架:軟的、鬆垮的、沒有形狀的一團。所以現代英語裡 lump 從來不用來講切得整齊的東西——它天生就是「不成形的一坨」,這個底色從中古英語一路留到今天。
Wiktionary (lump, n.): Middle English lumpe, Germanic base akin to Dutch lomp, German Lumpen 'rag'.
Three branches
一團沒有形狀的固體
這一組直接就是核心畫面的實體版本:手上、身上、糖罐裡真的可以指出來的那一團。
lump, shapeless piece · noun · C2
A small piece of something solid that does not have a regular shape, such as butter, coal, clay, or a bit of food that has not mixed in.
小塊
哽在心裡的那一團
從摸得到的硬塊,走向摸不到卻同樣有重量的東西:卡在喉嚨的情緒,以及壓在生活上的難處。都是「你身上多了一團不好受的東西,而且拿不掉」。
lump in your throat · noun · C2
A tight feeling in your throat when you want to cry, almost always in the phrase a lump in your throat.
哽咽
揉成一坨、不再分彼此
核心畫面裡「一團沒有形狀」的重點在於:裡面的東西分不出來了。這一支就把這件事變成動作——你動手把不同的東西壓成一團。
group together, indiscriminately · verb · C2
To put two or more different people or things together and treat them as one group, sometimes in a way that is not fair or not exact.
歸在一起
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
lumpnoun/lʌmp/
Something that protrudes, sticks out, or sticks together; a cluster or blob; a mound or mass of no particular shape.
A swelling or nodule of tissue under the skin or in an internal part of the body.
A group, set, or unit.
A small, shaped mass of sugar, typically about a teaspoonful.
A dull or lazy person.
A fat person.
informalA beating or verbal abuse.
A projection beneath the breech end of a gun barrel.
A kind of fish, the lumpsucker.
obsoleteslangFood given to a tramp to be eaten on the road.
obsoleteslangThe workhouse.
lumpverb/lʌmp/
To treat as a single unit; to group together in a casual or chaotic manner (as if forming an ill-defined lump of the items).
To bear (a heavy or awkward burden); to carry (something unwieldy) from one place to another.
To burden (someone) with an undesired task or responsibility.
slangTo hit or strike (a person).
To form a lump or lumps.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。