核心畫面

One way to hold it: draw a boundary line around something — a body, a company, a country, a mind — and this word says the action happens on the inside of that line, not across it and not outside it.

先在某個東西外面畫一圈界線——可能是一個身體、一家公司、一個國家、一顆腦袋——然後 internally 說的是:這更多收起先在某個東西外面畫一圈界線——可能是一個身體、一家公司、一個國家、一顆腦袋——然後 internally 說的是:這件事發生在那圈線的裡面,沒有跨出去,外面的人也看不到。真正要學的其實不是這個字本身,而是每次遇到它時反問一句:這次畫的那圈線,是哪一圈?答案換了,中文翻譯就換了,但英文一直是同一個畫面。所以它幾乎總是和一個沒說出口的 rather than externally 成對出現。

From the word’s history

internal + -ly. The Latin root is internus 'inward, inside', from inter 'within, between' — so the 'inside the boundary' picture is there from the start.

就是 internal 加上副詞字尾 -ly。internal 往上追是拉丁文 internus(裡面的),來自 inter(在……之內)——所以「界線裡面」這個畫面從詞根就在了,英文只是把它從形容詞變成描述動作的副詞。

internal + -ly (Latin internus, from inter), per the origin note supplied with this entry

Three branches

組織與國家的界線

畫的那圈線是一個群體的邊界——公司、學校、國境。事情在裡面辦完,不外流。

internally, within an organization · r · C1

In a way that stays inside a company, school, or other group, rather than going to people outside it.

在內部

身體與物體的裡面

這一支的界線是實體的表面:皮膚、外殼、牆壁。裡面和外面看得見摸得到。

internally, inside the body · r · C1

In a way that happens inside your body, not on the skin or on the outside.

在體內

心裡面

最後一條界線畫在人的表情和內心之間:外面沒表現出來,裡面正在發生。

internally, inwardly (mind) · r · C1

In a way that happens in your thoughts or feelings, rather than in the outside world.

在內心

原始詞典資料3 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

internallyadv/ɪnˈtɜːnəli/

  • 1

    In an internal manner; within or inside of external limits; in an inner part or situation.

  • 2

    With regard to internal affairs.

    • A sort of compromise must be worked out internally and with those people and communities our decisions will impact.
  • 3

    Inwardly; spiritually.

    • "I cannot," said she, internally, "see that it makes any difference to him which of my daughters he takes, if, as he says, it is my admirable mode of bringing them up which has put matrimony into his head, for it is certain I have brought them up impartially...

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。