罩住頭的那塊布
這一家就是核心畫面本身:東西罩在人的頭上。
noun · B2
A large soft hood that covers the head and the shoulders and can be pulled forward over the face, of the kind joined to a monk's robe. The robe with such a hood is also called a cowl.
連肩兜帽
One picture holds this word together: a hood coming down over the top of something. Start with the monk — the deep soft hood on the shoulders, pulled forward until the face is in shadow. Keep the hood but change what is underneath, and the word follows. Over a head in a costume it becomes a fitted mask. Over the open top of a chimney it becomes the cap that keeps the rain out and pulls the smoke up. Over an engine it becomes the smooth shell we usually call a cowling. And used as a verb it is simply the act itself: to bring that hood down over something.
The source traces cowl back through Old English cūle to Ecclesiastical Latin cuculla, a monk's cowl, and Latin cucullus, a hood. So the hood is not a later metaphor; it is the oldest layer of the word.
來源把 cowl 一路追回古英文 cūle、教會拉丁文 cuculla(修士的兜帽),再到拉丁文 cucullus(兜帽)。所以「兜帽」不是後來加上去的比喻,而是這個字最底層的意思。
Wiktionary entry for cowl, Etymology 1 (kaikki snapshot 3f6f69a190036ae4): “From Middle English coule, from Old English cūle … from Ecclesiastical Latin cuculla (monk's cowl), from Latin cucullus (hood).”
Two branches
罩住頭的那塊布
這一家就是核心畫面本身:東西罩在人的頭上。
noun · B2
A large soft hood that covers the head and the shoulders and can be pulled forward over the face, of the kind joined to a monk's robe. The robe with such a hood is also called a cowl.
連肩兜帽
罩住東西的蓋子
把底下的頭換成一個開口或一台機器,帽子照戴:這一家是同一個動作,罩的對象從人變成物。
noun · C1
A hood-shaped cover fitted on top of a chimney. It keeps rain and birds out and helps the smoke pull upwards instead of blowing back down into the room.
煙囪罩
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
cowlnoun詞源 1/kaʊl/
A monk's hood that can be pulled forward to cover the face; a robe with such a hood attached to it.
A mask that covers the majority of the head.
A thin protective covering over all or part of an engine; also cowling.
A usually hood-shaped covering used to increase the draft of a chimney and prevent backflow.
nauticaltransportA ship's ventilator with a bell-shaped top which can be swivelled to catch the wind and force it below.
nauticaltransportA vertical projection of a ship's funnel that directs the smoke away from the bridge.
A monk.
cowlverb詞源 1/kaʊl/
To cover with, or as if with, a cowl (hood).
To wrap or form (something made of fabric) like a cowl.
To make a monk of (a person).
To scrape together
cowlnoun詞源 2/kaʊl/
obsoleteA vessel carried on a pole, a soe.
cowlnoun詞源 3/kaʊl/
A caul (the amnion which encloses the foetus before birth, especially that part of it which sometimes shrouds a baby’s head at birth).
cowladj詞源 4/kaʊl/
cold
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。