核心畫面

Picture something that already exists only on paper — a plan, an order, a court's decision, a line of code — and then the moment it stops being words and actually happens. Someone follows it through to the end. The word does not name the plan; it names the doing of it, and often how well the doing was done.

可以想成:有件事本來只存在於紙上——一個計畫、一道命令、一份判決、一行程式——然後它不再是字,而是真的發生了:有人把更多收起可以想成:有件事本來只存在於紙上——一個計畫、一道命令、一份判決、一行程式——然後它不再是字,而是真的發生了:有人把它從頭跟到尾做完。execution 指的不是那個計畫,而是「把它做出來」這個動作本身,有時候還連帶指「做得好不好」。連最嚇人的「處決」也是從這裡來的,那原本是法院判決被執行的意思。

From the word’s history

From Latin executionem 'an accomplishing', from exequi 'to follow out'; in late 14c. English it meant 'a carrying out, a putting into effect, enforcement (of a law)'. The 'putting to death' sense (mid-14c.) came from Middle English legal phrases like don execution of deth, 'carry out a sentence of death' — so the killing sense is a shortening of 'carrying out the sentence'.

來自拉丁文 executionem「完成」,動詞 exequi 是「跟到底、follow out」。十四世紀末的英文裡它指「實行、使生效、(法律的)執行」。「處決」這個意思(十四世紀中)來自中古英文的法律用語 don execution of deth,也就是「執行死刑判決」——換句話說,處決是「執行判決」被講久了省略掉後半段的結果,並不是另一個字。

Etymonline, 'execution' — https://www.etymonline.com/word/execution

From the picture

做出來的手法與完成度

同一個「把它做出來」的畫面,把注意力從「有沒有做」移到「做得怎麼樣」。動作或作品在腦中都已經有藍圖,差別在手上做出來的那一次。

skill in performing · noun · C1

The way someone performs a difficult move or action, especially in sport or music.

動作的完成/技術表現

法律上的執行,以及死刑

法律文件也是一種「寫好還沒發生的東西」,讓它真的生效就是 execution。死刑那個意思就是從這一支縮短來的:原本要說「執行死刑判決」,講久了只留下 execution。

carrying out legal terms · noun · C1

The act of making sure the rules in an official or legal paper are properly followed.

(法律文件的)執行

Also in this word

carrying out a plan · noun · B2

The act of doing or carrying out a plan, order, or idea that has been prepared.

執行/實行

running a program · noun · B2

The act of making a computer run a program or carry out a command.

(程式的)執行

原始詞典資料7 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

executionnoun/ˌɛk.sɪˈkjuː.ʃən/

  • 1

    The act, manner or style of executing (actions, maneuvers, performances).

    • Already the poor man saw himself crowned by the might of his arm Emperor of Trebizond at least; and so, led away by the intense enjoyment he found in these pleasant fancies, he set himself forthwith to put his scheme into execution.
  • 2

    The state of being accomplished.

    • The mission's successful execution lifted the troops' morale.
  • 3

    The act of putting to death or being put to death as a penalty, or actions so associated.

    • Efforts to unionize were routinely met with clubbings, shootings, jailings, blacklistings and executions, perpetrated not only by well-armed legions of company goons, but also by police officers, deputies, National Guardsmen and even regular soldiers.
  • 4

    lawThe carrying into effect of a court judgment, or of a will.

  • 5

    archaicSpecifically, the seizure of a debtor's goods or property in default of payment.

    • There are two executions in the house, one for sixteen hundred, the other for two thousand three hundred pounds.
  • 6

    lawThe formal process by which a contract is made valid and put into binding effect.

  • 7

    computingengineeringmathematicsThe carrying out of an instruction, program or program segment by a computer.

    • The entire machine slowed down during the execution of the virus checker.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。