跟你為敵的人或一方
這一族是核心本身:具體的「敵對者」。從滿懷恨意、想害你的人,放寬到只是立場相反、跟你競爭的對手,再放大成戰場上跟你國家打仗的敵軍——共同點都是「站在你對面的那一方」,差別只在敵意有多深、規模有多大。
person who hates you · noun · B1
A person who hates you and wants to hurt you or cause you trouble.
敵人
核心畫面
You can picture someone standing on the opposite side, set against you — they don't wish you well, and they'd be glad to see you hurt or held back. The core of enemy is this 'the one who is against me' figure; everything else that figure from a hating person to a rival, an army, or even a harmful thing.
可以想成一個站在你對面、跟你作對的人——他不希望你好,看你吃虧、受阻反而高興。enemy 的核心畫面比較像這個「跟我…更多收起
可以想成一個站在你對面、跟你作對的人——他不希望你好,看你吃虧、受阻反而高興。enemy 的核心畫面比較像這個「跟我為敵的那一方」。其他意思都是把這個身影放大或抽換:從恨你的人,到競爭對手、敵軍,甚至到一樣會害你的東西。Three branches
把害你的東西當成敵人
把「跟你作對的那一方」從人換成一樣東西或一種狀況:任何會害你、扯你後腿的事物,都被當成假想敵來講。是核心身影的比喻延伸。
harmful thing · noun · B1
A thing that people believe is harmful or that causes problems.
危害、大敵
固定說法裡的敵人
這些是把「敵人」鎖進固定片語後生出的特殊用法:敵人可能是你自己、是公認的頭號壞蛋、或藏在自己人裡面。底層仍是核心的敵對身影,只是片語給它加了特定的角度。
be your own worst enemy · noun · B1
In the phrase 'be your own worst enemy': to act in a way that causes problems for yourself.
自己害自己
原始詞典資料6 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
enemynoun/ˈɛnəmi/
- 1
Someone who is hostile to, feels hatred towards, opposes the interests of, or intends injury to someone else.
- under enemy duress
- He made a lot of enemies after reducing the working hours in his department.
- 2
A hostile force or nation; a fighting member of such a force or nation.
- Rally together against a common enemy.
- 3
Something harmful or threatening to another
- The very thing the 16 skiers and snowboarders had sought — fresh, soft snow — instantly became the enemy. Somewhere above, a pristine meadow cracked in the shape of a lightning bolt, slicing a slab nearly 200 feet across and 3 feet deep. Gravity did the rest.
- 4
Of, by, relating to, or belonging to an enemy.
- The building was destroyed by enemy bombing.
- 5
video-gamesA non-player character that tries to harm the player.
- Use gadgets like Nakishkas to fend off enemies.
enemyverb/ˈɛnəmi/
- 1
To make an enemy of.
- These prelates and nobles, seeing themselves dispossessed by the death of this king don Alfonso, to whom they had adhered, and enemied with the king don Enrique his brother, whom they had deserted, were in great fear, dreading the indignation of the king, whom by letters and words they had much injured; and they found no other remedy for their defense but to continue the division which they had begun in the realm, raising for queen of it the princess doña Isabel in place of her brother.
- But rather the life He has lived People he met Befriended and enemied
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。