喜樂美語

核心畫面

Picture the bird standing in shallow water: thin legs, and above them a neck that keeps going, reaching up and out over everything around it. That reaching neck is the shape the other uses of crane are built on — one borrows it for a machine, one borrows it for what your own neck does.

可以想成一隻站在淺水裡的鶴：細細的長腿，腿上面那條脖子一直往上、往前伸，越過四周的一切。crane 其他的用法，可以…更多收起可以想成一隻站在淺水裡的鶴：細細的長腿，腿上面那條脖子一直往上、往前伸，越過四周的一切。crane 其他的用法，可以看成都是照著這條伸出去的脖子造的——一個借給機器，一個借給你自己的脖子。

From the word’s history

The bird came first: Old English cran, a name probably echoing its harsh cry. The lifting machine borrowed the bird's name in the late 13th century, for the visual likeness between the long neck and the long arm. The verb is the youngest — 'to stretch out the neck' is recorded from 1799 and settled into its modern use by 1849.

先有鳥：古英語 cran，這個名字據推測是在模仿牠沙啞的叫聲。吊車是十三世紀末才借用鳥名的，因為那條長脖子跟機器伸出去的長臂看起來很像。動詞最年輕——「把脖子伸長」這個用法 1799 年才有記錄，到 1849 年前後才變成今天的說法。

Online Etymology Dictionary — https://www.etymonline.com/word/crane

From the picture

借那條長脖子造出來的

鶴的脖子又長又能轉、能伸到很遠的地方；不管是機器的長臂，還是人把頭往前伸，用的都是這個形狀。

lifting machine · noun · A2

A tall machine with a long arm, used to lift and move heavy things.

起重機；吊車

Also in this word

the bird · noun · A2

A tall water bird with very long legs and a long neck.

鶴

原始詞典資料21 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Cranename/kɹɛɪn/

  • 1

    A surname.

  • 2

    A placename:

  • 3

    A placename:

  • 4

    A placename:

  • 5

    A placename:

  • 6

    A placename:

  • 7

    A placename:

  • 8

    A placename:

另外 2 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    A placename:

  • 10

    A placename:

cranenoun詞源 1/kɹeɪn/

  • 1

    Any bird of the family Gruidae, large birds with long legs and a long neck which is extended during flight.

    • Aquatic birds of various kinds are very numerous, such as geese, darters (Flotus melanogaster), scissor-bills (Rhynchops nigra), adjutants (Leptoptilos argala), pelicans, cormorants, cranes (Grus antigone, in Burmese gyoja), whimbrels, plovers, and ibises.
  • 2

    dialectalArdea herodias, the great blue heron.

  • 3

    A mechanical lifting machine or device, often used for lifting heavy loads for industrial or construction purposes.

    • Large cranes were virtually non-existent in the areas I worked with this truck, so we jacked everything on and off[.]
  • 4

    An iron arm with horizontal motion, attached to the side or back of a fireplace for supporting kettles etc. over the fire.

  • 5

    A siphon, or bent pipe, for drawing liquors out of a cask.

  • 6

    nauticaltransportA forked post or projecting bracket to support spars, etc.; generally used in pairs.

craneverb詞源 1/kɹeɪn/

  • 1

    To extend (one's neck).

    • and my bachelor's hearth is imbedded where by much craning of head and neck I can catch sight of a sycamore in the Square garden,
    • Didcot had one definite pleasure. We knew that little boys would be going up and down the platform singing out, "Banbury cakes! Banbury cakes!" And mother would crane out and buy some, just to encourage the crew.
  • 2

    To raise or lower with, or as if with, a crane.

    • What engines, what instruments are used in craning up a soul, sunk below the centre, to the highest heavens.
    • an upstart craned up to the height he has
  • 3

    To pull up before a jump.

cranenoun詞源 2/kɹeɪn/

  • 1

    obsoleteThe cranium.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。