把一樣東西換成另一樣
回到這個字最原始的「折換」:拿走一個,換上另一個等值但形式不同的。法律和帳務場合都還保留著這個用法。
reduce a sentence · verb · C1
to change a punishment so that it becomes less hard or less long.
減刑
Underneath sits one idea: swapping one thing for another of the same worth. A court swaps a heavy sentence for a lighter one; an office swaps one kind of payment for another. The daily-travel meaning arrived by the same road — the old season ticket swapped many single fares for one payment, and the people who bought it became .
Etymonline: commute is from Latin commutare 'to change altogether', com- plus mutare 'to change'; the 'make a punishment less severe' sense is from the 1630s. The travel sense comes via the commutation ticket (1822), 'a ticket issued (by a ferry line, railroad, etc.) at a reduced rate entitling the holder to travel over a given route a limited number of times or an unlimited number of times over a certain period'; commuter first meant the holder of such a ticket, and the verb sense 'to travel back and forth to work' is dated 1889.
Etymonline 記載:commute 來自拉丁文 commutare「徹底改換」(com- 加上 mutare「改變」);「減輕刑罰」這個意思出現在 1630 年代。通勤的意思則是經由 commutation ticket(1822 年)而來——那是一種折價的定期票,持票人可以在一段期間內搭乘固定路線若干次或不限次數;commuter 起初指的就是「持有這種票的人」,而動詞「每天往返上班」的用法有 1889 年的紀錄。所以通勤和減刑不是兩個字,是同一個「換算、折換」在不同場合落腳。
Etymonline, entry "commute" (etymonline.com/word/commute)
From the picture
把一樣東西換成另一樣
回到這個字最原始的「折換」:拿走一個,換上另一個等值但形式不同的。法律和帳務場合都還保留著這個用法。
reduce a sentence · verb · C1
to change a punishment so that it becomes less hard or less long.
減刑
commute to work · verb · B1
to travel a long way to work or school and back again, usually every day.
通勤
daily commute · noun · B1
the trip you make to work or school and back, usually every day.
通勤路程
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
commuteverb詞源 1/kəˈmjuːt/
To exchange substantially; to abate but not abolish completely, a penalty, obligation, or payment in return for a great, single thing or an aggregate; to cash in; to lessen
businessfinancelawTo exchange substantially; to abate but not abolish completely, a penalty, obligation, or payment in return for a great, single thing or an aggregate; to cash in; to lessen
criminologyhuman-scienceslawTo exchange substantially; to abate but not abolish completely, a penalty, obligation, or payment in return for a great, single thing or an aggregate; to cash in; to lessen
businessinsuranceTo exchange substantially; to abate but not abolish completely, a penalty, obligation, or payment in return for a great, single thing or an aggregate; to cash in; to lessen
obsoleteTo exchange substantially; to abate but not abolish completely, a penalty, obligation, or payment in return for a great, single thing or an aggregate; to cash in; to lessen
mathematicssciencesOf an operation, to be commutative, i.e. to have the property that changing the order of the operands does not change the result.
commutenoun詞源 2/kəˈmjuːt/
A regular journey between two places, typically home and work.
The route, time or distance of that journey.
commuteverb詞源 2/kəˈmjuːt/
To regularly travel from one's home to one's workplace or school, or vice versa.
To regularly travel from one place to another using public transport.
To journey, to make a journey
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。