核心畫面

Picture the layer — the thing that goes on top of everything else and meets the weather. On a person that layer is the coat you put on last before you leave the house. Move the same picture onto an animal and it is the fur that covers its body; move it onto a wall or a piece of chicken and it is the layer of paint or flour spread over the surface. One idea, three surfaces: something covering the outside of something else.

可以想成 coat 的畫面比較像「最外面的那一層」—— 蓋在其他東西上面、直接面對外界的那一層。在人身上,那一層是你更多收起可以想成 coat 的畫面比較像「最外面的那一層」—— 蓋在其他東西上面、直接面對外界的那一層。在人身上,那一層是你出門前最後穿上的外套;把同一個畫面搬到動物身上,就是覆蓋全身的毛;再搬到牆壁或一塊雞肉上,就是刷上去的漆、裹上去的粉。同一個想法換三種表面:某個東西把另一個東西的外側蓋住了。

Three branches

穿在最外面的衣服

這一組是核心畫面最直接的樣子:穿在其他衣服外面的那一件。差別只在場合——一件是為了擋風擋雨,一件是為了整套穿起來好看。

coat (clothing) · noun · A1

A piece of clothing with long sleeves that you wear over your other clothes to keep warm or dry.

外套 / 大衣

動物身上的天然外衣

同樣是包住身體、面對外界的那一層,只是這一層不用穿,是動物自己長出來的。英文用同一個字,等於把動物的毛看成牠隨身穿著的外套。

animal's coat · noun · A1

The fur, hair, or wool covering an animal's body.

毛(皮)

刷在表面的一層

把「最外面那一層」從身體移到任何東西的表面上。這時候厚度不重要,重要的是它把底下的東西整片蓋住了——所以名詞是那一層,動詞就是把它鋪上去的動作。

coat (layer of paint) · noun · A1

A thin layer of paint or a similar substance spread over a surface.

一層(漆)

原始詞典資料12 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

coatnoun/ˈkoʊ̯t/

  • 1

    businessclothingfashionAn outer garment covering the upper torso and arms.

    • It was April 22, 1831, and a young man was walking down Whitehall in the direction of Parliament Street. He wore shepherd's plaid trousers and the swallow-tail coat of the day, with a figured muslin cravat wound about his wide-spread collar.
    • Mind you, clothes were clothes in those days.[…]Frills, ruffles, flounces, lace, complicated seams and gores: not only did they sweep the ground and have to be held up in one hand elegantly as you walked along, but they had little capes or coats or feather boas.
  • 2

    A covering of material, such as paint.

    • fresh coat of paint
    • Fruit of all kinds, in coat / Rough or smooth rined, or bearded husk, or shell.
  • 3

    The fur or feathers covering an animal's skin.

    • Near-synonym: pelt
    • When the dog shed its coat, it left hair all over the furniture and the carpet.
  • 4

    nauticaltransportCanvas painted with thick tar and secured round a mast or bowsprit to prevent water running down the sides into the hold (now made of rubber or leather).

  • 5

    obsoleteA petticoat.

    • a child in coats
  • 6

    The habit or vesture of an order of men, indicating the order or office; cloth.

    • Men of his coat should be minding their prayers.
    • She was sought by spirits of richest coat.
  • 7

    A coat of arms.

    • Hark, countrymen! either renew the fight, / Or tear the lions out of England's coat.
  • 8

    A coat card.

    • Here's a trick of discarded cards of us! We were ranked with coats as long as old master lived.

coatverb/ˈkoʊ̯t/

  • 1

    To cover with a coating of some material.

    • The frying pan was coated with a layer of non-stick material, making it easier to wash.
    • Door grab handles have been coated with an anti-microbial finish.
  • 2

    To cover like a coat.

  • 3

    archaicTo clothe.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。