核心畫面
Picture dragging the hard edge of a tool — a knife, a stick — firmly across a surface to take something off it. That rough, edge-against-surface rubbing is the whole word: from scraping paint off wood, to skin scraped raw against rough ground, to the harsh sound such rubbing makes, and on to figurative 'barely getting through' — past by the thinnest margin, the way a thing just barely drags across without quite catching.
可以想成拿工具的硬邊——刀口、棍子——緊貼著表面用力拖過去,把上頭的東西颳下來。整個字都握在這「硬邊摩擦表面」的動作…更多收起
可以想成拿工具的硬邊——刀口、棍子——緊貼著表面用力拖過去,把上頭的東西颳下來。整個字都握在這「硬邊摩擦表面」的動作裡:從把木頭上的漆刮掉,到皮膚蹭在粗地上被刮破,到這種摩擦發出的刺耳聲,再延伸到比喻的「勉強擦過」——以最薄的差距驚險過關,就像東西貼著邊緣險險滑過、差一點就卡住。原始詞典資料23 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
scrapeverb/skɹeɪp/
- 1
To draw (an object, especially a sharp or angular one), along (something) while exerting pressure.
- She scraped the wooden plate with her fingernails.
- That car often scrapes the shallowest of humps because of its low ground clearance.
- 2
To remove (something) by drawing an object along in this manner.
- Scrape the chewing gum off with a knife.
- 3
To injure or damage by rubbing across a surface.
- She tripped on a rock and scraped her knee.
- We went tip-toeing along a path amongst the trees back towards the end of the widow's garden, stooping down so as the branches wouldn't scrape our heads.
- 4
To barely manage to achieve or attain.
- I scraped a pass in the exam.
- 5
To collect or gather, especially without regard to the quality of what is chosen.
- Just use whatever you can scrape together.
- 6
computingengineeringmathematicsTo extract data by automated means from a format not intended to be machine-readable, such as a screenshot or a formatted web page.
- They didn't provide an API, so I simply scraped their website.
- The threat of the impending axe horrified Scott. He and his supporters hastily “scraped” as many Geocities^([sic]) pages as they could, creating a 641-gigabyte archive that initially circulated on file-sharing networks.
- 7
To occupy oneself with getting laboriously.
- He scraped and saved until he became rich.
- And he shall spend mine honour with his shame, As thriftless sons their scraping fathers' gold
- 8
To play awkwardly and inharmoniously on a violin or similar instrument.
- Some people covered their ears when he started to scrape his violin.
- At that time the Grand Duke had only two occupations. One was to scrape the violin, the other to train spaniels for hunting.
另外 2 個記錄的用法
- 9
To draw back the right foot along the ground or floor when making a bow.
- Yossarian went along in Milo Minderbinder's speeding M & M staff car to police headquarters to meet a swarthy, untidy police commissioner with a narrow black mustache and unbuttoned tunic who was fiddling with a stout woman with warts and two chins when they entered his office and who greeted Milo with warm surprise and bowed and scraped in obscene servility as though Milo were some elegant marquis.
- 10
To express disapprobation of (a play, etc.) or to silence (a speaker) by drawing the feet back and forth upon the floor; usually with down.
- When the debate was resumed, the tide ran so strongly against the accused that his friends were coughed and scraped down.
scrapenoun/skɹeɪp/
- 1
A broad, shallow injury left by scraping (rather than a cut or a scratch).
- He fell on the sidewalk and got a scrape on his knee.
- 2
The sound or action of something being scraped.
- For a long while, the only sounds in the café were the scrapes of forks against old white plates and occasional slurps from coffee mugs.
- The scrape of the plate against the stone woke him, and he looked across to find Isocrates there, replacing the food.
- 3
Something removed by being scraped; a thin layer of something such as butter on bread.
- A little solace came at tea time, in the shape of a double ration of bread—a whole, instead of a half-slice—with the delicious addition of a thin scrape of butter: […]
- Or I could make a cup of tea and sit on the toilet with it – now we’re talking! And what about some toast and that last scrape of Marmite I hid…
- 4
slangA fight, especially a fistfight without weapons.
- He got in a scrape with the school bully.
- 5
An awkward set of circumstances.
- I'm in a bit of a scrape — I've no money to buy my wife a birthday present.
- Stuart made us all laugh - his mischievous stories were told throughout his career and in later days featured some very senior politicians and railway managers. He certainly got into many scrapes over the years.
- 6
slangA D and C or abortion; or, a miscarriage.
- 1972, in U.S. Senate Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws, Abuse of psychiatry for political repression in the Soviet Union. Hearing, Ninety-second Congress, second session, United States Government Printing Office, page 127, It’s quite possible, in view of the diagnosis ‘danger of miscarriage’, that they might drag me off, give me a scrape and then say that the miscarriage began itself.
- In expert hands abortion nowadays is almost the same as having a scrape (D & C) and due to improved techniques such as suction termination, and improved lighter anaesthetic, most women feel no worse than having a tooth out.
- 7
A shallow depression used by ground birds as a nest; a nest scrape.
- We knew from U. Weidmann’s work (1956) that Black-headed Gulls could be prevented from laying by offering them eggs on the empty scrape veil before […]
- The plover lays its eggs in a scrape on the ground. ¶ […] ¶ Birds’ nests can be little more than a scrape in the ground or a delicate structure of plant material, mud, and saliva.
- 8
governmentmilitarypoliticsA shallow pit dug as a hideout.
- In between rounds, he dug a scrape for himself with his entrenching tool.
另外 5 個記錄的用法
- 9
slangA shave.
- A'm goin to the barber's for a scrape.
- 10
obsoleteslangCheap butter.
- 11
obsoleteslangButter laid on bread in the thinnest possible manner, as though laid on and scraped off again.
- “Got a nice bit of haddock for tonight. Thought I might do it with a poached egg, bit of pepper, bread and scrape”
- 12
governmentheraldryhobbiesA diminutive of the bend (especially of the bend sinister) which is half its width.
- Alternative form: scarpe
- 16. Azure, a Scrape Argent. 17. Gules, a Battune Argent.
- 13
An intermittent shallow pond in a wetland or floodplain, often artificially created to attract birds.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。