核心畫面

You can picture someone forward and adding their voice for a cause or a person — standing up in public and saying, out loud, 'I'm for this, and here's why you should be too.'

可以想成:有個人站出來,把自己的聲音加進某個主張或某個人身上——當眾表態說「我支持這個」,並替它說話。advocat更多收起可以想成:有個人站出來,把自己的聲音加進某個主張或某個人身上——當眾表態說「我支持這個」,並替它說話。advocate 的核心畫面比較像這個「公開挺身、替它發聲」的動作,不管你是那個發聲的人,還是正在發聲這件事。

From the word’s history

From Latin advocatus 'one called in to aid or plead for another', from advocare = ad- 'to' + vocare 'to call' (related to vox, 'voice'). Literally 'one called to add a voice' — which is exactly the modern core: lending your voice in someone's or something's support.

源自拉丁文 advocatus「被找來替人幫腔、辯護的人」,由 advocare 而來:ad-「向」+ vocare「呼喊、召喚」(與 vox「聲音」同源)。字面就是「被叫來加一把聲音的人」——正好對上今天的核心:替某人或某事出聲相挺。

etymonline.com/word/advocate; Merriam-Webster; Wiktionary (Latin advocare, ad- + vocare)

Two branches

公開挺身發聲

核心動作本身:替某個想法或群體出聲相挺。同一件事有兩面——做這件事的動詞,和做這件事的人。

public supporter · noun · C2

A person who publicly supports an idea, a plan, or a group of people.

倡導者 / 支持者

出庭辯護律師

這是核心最古老、最專門的一面:advocatus 本來就是羅馬法庭上「被請來替人陳情、辯護」的人。蘇格蘭保留了這個窄用法,把「替人出聲」收在法庭裡。

Scottish courtroom lawyer · noun · C2

A lawyer who speaks for someone in a court of law, used mainly in Scotland.

辯護律師(蘇格蘭)

原始詞典資料9 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

advocatenoun/ˈæd.və.kət/

  • 1

    Someone whose job is to speak for someone's case in a court of law; a counsel.

  • 2

    Anyone who argues the case of another; an intercessor.

    • I neuer did incense his Maiestie / Against the Duke of Clarence, but haue bin / An earnest aduocate to plead for him.
  • 3

    A person who speaks in support of something, or someone; proponent

    • "I think," replied the young advocate, unwilling to give up a point in which his feelings were interested, "that even you would believe in Walter Maynard's success in life, if you knew him. What has brought the world to its present state, but individual talent?"
    • He became a tireless advocate for the needs of adults with IMD throughout Britain and internationally.
  • 4

    A person who supports others to make their voices heard, or ideally for them to speak up for themselves.

    • Since she started working with her advocate, she has become much more confident.

advocateverb/ˈæd.və.kət/

  • 1

    To plead in favour of; to defend by argument, before a tribunal or the public; to support, vindicate, or recommend publicly.

    • 7 March, 1624, Robert Sanderson, sermon at the Assizes, at Lincoln To advocate the cause of thy client.
    • 16 June, 1784, Edmund Burke, speech on reform of representation in the House of Commons This is the only thing distinct and sensible, that has been advocated.
  • 2

    To encourage support for something.

    • I like trees, but I do not advocate living in them.
    • Those who have advocated the closure of the G.C. have so far failed to say by which alternative route this North-to-West traffic could be carried.
  • 3

    To engage in advocacy.

    • We have been advocating for changes in immigration law.
    • And why has no one in the [rail] industry advocated for a universal requirement for face covering (even if it's just a scarf or old tea towel), [...].
  • 4

    To appeal from an inferior court to the Court of Session.

  • 5

    To call a case before itself for decision.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。