核心畫面

Picture a boot with a thin blade under it: you push once and keep , because almost nothing is touching the ice. That boot, the version of it, and the itself are one word. The flat sea fish also spelled skate came into English separately.

可以想成:鞋底下一片薄薄的刀刃——蹬一下就滑很遠,因為幾乎沒有東西跟冰面接觸。這雙鞋、裝輪子的那一種,以及滑行這個動更多收起可以想成:鞋底下一片薄薄的刀刃——蹬一下就滑很遠,因為幾乎沒有東西跟冰面接觸。這雙鞋、裝輪子的那一種,以及滑行這個動作,都是同一個字。至於同樣拼作 skate 的那種扁扁的海魚,是另外一條路進到英文裡的。

From the word’s history

Two unrelated words share the spelling. The ice skate is from 1660s, from Dutch schaats, from Middle Dutch schaetse, possibly from Old North French escache 'a stilt, trestle' — early skates were leg bones of horse, ox or deer strapped to the feet. The fish is much older in English, mid-14c., from a Scandinavian source such as Old Norse skata, Danish skade.

這是兩個拼法相同、來源不同的字。冰鞋的 skate 在1660年代從荷蘭語 schaats 進入英文,可能可以追到古北法語 escache(高蹺、支架);早年的冰刀其實是把馬、牛或鹿的腿骨綁在腳底。魚的 skate 進入英文早得多,十四世紀中葉來自北歐語言,如古諾斯語 skata、丹麥語 skade。所以不必勉強把魚和冰鞋想成同一個畫面。

Online Etymology Dictionary, entries 'skate (n.1)' and 'skate (n.2)' (etymonline.com/word/skate)

From the picture

動詞:滑起來

把鞋子的名字直接當動作用:穿上它在冰上或平滑的地面移動。附帶的固定說法 skating on thin ice 也是從這個畫面長出來的。

skate (glide on skates) · verb · A2

to move on ice or on a smooth surface while wearing skates

溜冰;滑冰

固定說法:快一點

畫面是叫人把冰鞋穿上——穿上就滑得快了。這個意思只活在這一句裡,skate 本身不表示趕快。

get your skates on · noun · A2

get/put your skates on means hurry up (British English, spoken)

趕快(英式口語)

一種扁扁的海魚

這一支跟冰鞋沒有關係,是另一個字的後代,只是拼法一樣。當成兩個字記反而輕鬆。

skate (fish) · noun · A2

A flat sea fish with wide side fins, eaten as food.

鰩魚

Also in this word

skate (ice skate) · noun · A2

A boot with a thin metal blade under it, for moving over ice.

冰鞋;溜冰鞋

skate (roller skate) · noun · A2

A boot or frame with small wheels under it, for moving over smooth ground.

輪鞋;旱冰鞋

原始詞典資料16 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Skatename

  • 1

    slanglifestyleThe ship of characters James "Sawyer" Ford and Kate Austen from the television series Lost.

    • But 'Skate' fans ended the series quite disappointed in him, as it seems that even after leaving with Kate, they couldn't be together.
    • (I've never subscribed to either of the Kate ships on the show, but even I was almost a Skate convert in that moment.)

skatenoun詞源 1/skeɪt/

  • 1

    A runner or blade, usually of steel, with a frame shaped to fit the sole of a shoe, made to be fastened under the foot, and used for gliding on ice.

    • They open or shut, according as the foot to which the skate is attached moves downwards or upwards and the swimmer advances by the alternate motion of his limbs, as in mounting a stair, keeping the body and head inclined a little forward, as in skating.
  • 2

    The act of skateboarding

    • There's time for a quick skate before dinner.
  • 3

    The act of roller skating or ice skating

    • The boys had a skate every morning when the lake was frozen.
  • 4

    rail-transportrailwaystransportA makeshift handcar.

skateverb詞源 1/skeɪt/

  • 1

    To move along a surface (ice or ground) using skates.

  • 2

    To skateboard.

  • 3

    hobbieslifestyleskiingTo use the skating technique.

  • 4

    slangTo get away with something; to be acquitted of a crime for which one is manifestly guilty.

  • 5

    To move smoothly and easily.

    • Addressing a short pass from Henderson, he always felt too smart for Mykola Matviyenko, taking a step to lure him one way; dropping his shoulder and skating in the other direction, further inside.

skateadj詞源 1/skeɪt/

  • 1

    hobbieslifestyleskiingPertaining to the technique of skating.

skatenoun詞源 2/skeɪt/

  • 1

    A fish of the family Rajidae in the superorder Batoidea (rays) which inhabit most seas. Skates generally have small heads with protruding muzzles, and wide fins attached to a flat body.

    • The fishermen crowding in the cafés were also waiting for the end of the storm, when the fish, reassured, would rise to the surface after the bait. Soles, hog fish and skate were returning from their nocturnal expeditions. Day was now breaking.
    • Other deep creatures now being harvested or targeted as seafood include rattails, skates, squid, red crabs, orange roughy, black oreos, smooth oreos, hoki, blue ling, southern blue whiting, sablefish, black scabbard fish and spiny dogfish.

skatenoun詞源 3/skeɪt/

  • 1

    A worn-out horse, a nag, a jade.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。