喜樂美語

核心畫面

You can picture scratch as dragging something sharp — your nails, a claw, a sharp edge — across a surface. That one action does several things at once: it relieves an , it can break the skin a little, it leaves a thin mark, and it makes a rough grating sound. Almost every meaning is one of those four results of the same .

可以把 scratch 想成「用尖的東西沿著表面刮過去」——指甲、爪子、利角都行。這一個動作同時會帶來好幾個結果：抓…更多收起可以把 scratch 想成「用尖的東西沿著表面刮過去」——指甲、爪子、利角都行。這一個動作同時會帶來好幾個結果：抓掉了癢、可能把皮膚刮破一點、留下一道細細的痕跡、還發出粗糙的刮擦聲。scratch 幾乎所有的意思，都是同一個「刮」動作所引出的這幾種後果。

原始詞典資料36 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Scratchname

  • 1

    computingengineeringmathematicsA free educational visual programming language and a programming site developed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Media Lab.

  • 2

    A surname.

scratchverb/skɹæt͡ʃ/

  • 1

    To rub a surface with a sharp object, especially by a living creature to remove itching with nails, claws, etc.

    • Could you please scratch my back?
    • Then riſing with Aurora’s Light, / The Muse invok’d, ſit down to write; / Blot out, correct, inſert, refine, / Enlarge, diminiſh, interline; / Be mindful, when Invention fails, / To ſcratch your Head, and bite your Nails.
  • 2

    To rub the skin with rough material causing a sensation of irritation; to cause itching.

    • I don't like that new scarf because it scratches my neck.
    • Sometimes I lost track of them and had to hunt round in a circle, thrusting through sharp-scented bushes, scratching myself [translating m’écorchant] on various plants which were still new to me: resinaceous rock-roses, juniper, ilex, yellow and white asphodel.
  • 3

    To rub the skin with rough material causing a sensation of irritation; to cause itching.

  • 4

    To mark a surface with a sharp object, thereby leaving a scratch (noun).

    • A real diamond can easily scratch a pane of glass.
  • 5

    To get such scratches.

    • This platter scratches easily.
  • 6

    To cross out, strike out, strike through some text on a page.

  • 7

    To cross out, strike out, strike through some text on a page.

    • Scratch what I said earlier; I was wrong.
    • When the favorite was scratched from the race, there was a riot at the betting windows.
  • 8

    entertainmentlifestylemusicTo produce a distinctive sound on a turntable by moving a vinyl record back and forth while manipulating the crossfader (see also scratching).

另外 6 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    ball-gamesbilliardsgamesTo commit a foul in pool, as where the cue ball is put into a pocket or jumps off the table.

    • Embarrassingly, he scratched on the break, popping the cue completely off the table.
  • 10

    datedball-gamesbilliardsgamesTo score, not by skillful play but by some fortunate chance of the game.

  • 11

    To write or draw hastily or awkwardly; scrawl.

    • If any of the Labourers can ſcratch out a Pamphlet, they deſire no more; There is no Queſtion offered about the Wit, the Style, the Argument.
  • 12

    To dig or excavate with the claws.

    • Some animals scratch holes, in which they burrow.
  • 13

    To dig or scrape (a person's skin) with claws or fingernails in self-defense or with the intention to injure.

    • The cat scratched the little girl.
  • 14

    athleticshobbieslifestyleTo announce one's non-participation in a race or sports event part of a larger sports meeting that one was previously signed up for, usually in lieu of another event at the same meeting.

    • Kerley, 26, is the 2019 World bronze medalist at 400 meters, a distance he is known for and with which he also won the 2017 and 2019 U.S. titles, but surprised the track world by announcing one week ago that he scratched the 400m and would focus on the 100m and 200m in Eugene, Oregon, despite not having raced the 100m between 2015 and 2020.
    • Hurtis-Houairi, in lane three, quickly caught Arron, who was in lane four, winning in 22.80. Arron, who scratched the 100m semis in order to focus on the longer sprint, could only run 23.44.

scratchnoun/skɹæt͡ʃ/

  • 1

    A disruption, mark or shallow cut on a surface made by scratching.

    • I can’t believe there is a scratch in the paint already.
    • Her skin was covered with tiny scratches.
  • 2

    An act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation.

    • The dog sat up and had a good scratch.
  • 3

    hobbieslifestylesportsA starting line (originally and simply, a line scratched in the ground), as in boxing.

    • He started a few seconds before the time and came up in speed to the scratch at the moment appointed.
  • 4

    hobbieslifestylesportsA technical error of touching or surpassing the starting mark prior to the official start signal in the sporting events of long jump, discus, hammer throw, shot put, and similar. Originally the starting mark was a scratch on the ground but is now a board or precisely indicated mark.

  • 5

    cyclinghobbieslifestyleThe last riders to depart in a handicap race.

    • Eventually the elephant and camel were despatched by themselves with two laps start of the bicyclist and horse, the motor car being scratch.
  • 6

    ball-gamesbilliardsgamesAn aberration.

  • 7

    archaicslangball-gamesbilliardsgamesAn aberration.

  • 8

    hobbieshorse-racinghorseracingA horse withdrawn from a race prior to the start.

    • There were two scratches in race 8, which reduced the field from nine horses to seven.
另外 8 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    A minor injury.

    • It's just a scratch!
  • 10

    slangMoney; especially, cash.

    • He and Bruce cooked up a script together, and Bruce flew home to raise the scratch.
  • 11

    A feed, usually a mixture of a few common grains, given to chickens.

  • 12

    Minute, but tender and troublesome, excoriations, covered with scabs, upon the heels of horses which have been used where it is very wet or muddy.

    • These are exemplified in the scurfy, scaly affections which appear in the bend of the knee (mallenders) and hock (sallenders) and on the lower parts of the limbs, by scratches, and by a scaly exfoliation[…].
  • 13

    historicalA scratch wig.

    • [H]e turned to him with a dejected Face, and said ‘ – pray Sir, – could you touch up This a little?’ taking hold of his frightful scratch.
  • 14

    entertainmentlifestylemusicA genre of Virgin Islander music, better known as fungi.

  • 15

    Poor handwriting; especially, illegibly so.

    • The handwriting in his paper is completely different when compared to his scratch on the note you gave me
  • 16

    Nothing, zero. Used especially in card games or sports, but also expressions like "from scratch".

scratchadj/skɹæt͡ʃ/

  • 1

    For or consisting of preliminary or tentative, incomplete, etc. work.

    • This is scratch paper, so go ahead and scribble whatever you want on it.
  • 2

    Hastily assembled, arranged or constructed, from whatever materials are to hand, with little or no preparation

    • A scratch company of two innocuous youths and a pacified veteran was therefore what now offered itself to Mrs. Stringham, who rustled in a little breathless and full of the compunction of having had to come alone.
    • Bluecoats began crossing the James on June 14 and next day two corps approached Petersburg, which was held by Beauregard with a scratch force of 2,500.
  • 3

    computingengineeringmathematicsRelating to a scratchpad, a data structure or recording medium attached to a machine for testing or temporary use.

    • scratch memory
  • 4

    hobbieslifestylesports(of a player) Of a standard high enough to play without a handicap, i.e. to compete without the benefit of a variation in scoring based on ability.

    • ... the shot that does most to make a genuine scratch golfer is the mashie shot up to the pin — not merely up to the green.

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。