擠成一團的人
這一組最靠近原本的畫面：真的有一堆人黏在一起。
noun · C1
A mass of people pressed tightly together, pushing against each other — a crowd so packed that nobody can move freely inside it, and sometimes one that has turned into a struggle or a fight.
人堆／擠成一團
這個拼法底下其實是2個不同的字，意思沒有關係， 只是長得一樣。下面分開列出來。跳到 人堆／擠成一團 · 摺痕、皺褶
1
ruck
noun核心畫面
One way to hold this word: a heap. Not a neat pile, but things shoved together until they lose their separate shapes — and when the things are people, a heap of bodies pressed shoulder to shoulder, leaning and pushing, with no room between them. Everything in this family is that heap seen from a different distance. Stand inside it and you are in the crush. Stand over a rugby ball with it and you are in the ruck. Let the pushing turn hot and you have a fight. Step far back and the heap loses its faces: it becomes the many, the ordinary crowd that nobody picks out.
可以想成一個「堆」。不是整整齊齊疊起來的那種，是被推擠到分不出一個一個的那種。如果堆起來的是人，那就是肩膀擠著肩膀、…更多收起
可以想成一個「堆」。不是整整齊齊疊起來的那種，是被推擠到分不出一個一個的那種。如果堆起來的是人，那就是肩膀擠著肩膀、互相靠著推的一團人，中間完全沒有空隙。這一家的意思，都是站在不同距離看這一堆。站在裡面，就是人擠人。把這一堆壓在一顆橄欖球上面，就是爭球堆。推著推著推出火氣，就變成吵架、打架。退得很遠再看，這一堆就沒有臉了，變成「平凡的一大群」。From the word’s history
Middle English ruke, from or related to Old Norse hraukr, a haystack or heap. The heap is not a metaphor added later; it is what the word started as.
中古英語 ruke，跟古諾斯語 hraukr（乾草堆、一堆）有關。所以「堆」不是後來才加上去的比喻，而是這個字一開始就在講的東西。
Wiktionary etymology supplied in packet (kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1013105920), etymology 1 of ruck
Two branches
沒有臉的大多數
同一堆人，但是退遠了看。距離一拉開，個別的人就融成一片，只剩下「很多、很平凡」。
noun · C2
The ruck means ordinary people, or ordinary things, taken all together as one undistinguished mass — the many that nobody looks at twice, seen as dull beside the lives of the rich or the famous.
平凡的大多數
A second word, same spelling
2
ruck
verb, noun核心畫面
A different word that happens to be spelled the same. Picture a flat cloth — a sheet, a rug, a sleeve — being pushed from one end. The cloth has nowhere to go, so it gathers itself into small raised ridges. One way to hold it: cloth that has been crowded into itself.
這是另一個字，只是拼法一樣。可以想成一塊平鋪的布——床單、地毯、袖子——被人從一頭推過去。布沒地方可去，就堆出一條一…更多收起
這是另一個字，只是拼法一樣。可以想成一塊平鋪的布——床單、地毯、袖子——被人從一頭推過去。布沒地方可去，就堆出一條一條凸起來的摺。一種說法是：布被擠到自己身上了。From the word’s history
From Old Norse hrukka, a wrinkle or crease, taken into English around 1780. It is a separate borrowing from the heap word, not a picture that grew out of it.
來自古諾斯語 hrukka（皺紋、摺痕），大約 1780 年進入英文。它跟表示「一堆」的 ruck 是各自借進來的兩個字，不是同一個字長出的比喻。
Wiktionary etymology supplied in packet (kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1013122421), etymology 2 of ruck
原始詞典資料19 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Ruckname
- 1
A surname from German.
rucknoun詞源 1/ɹʌk/
- 1
A throng or crowd of people or things; a mass, a pack.
- Dandolo was constantly in the ditch, sometimes lying with his side against the bank, and had now been so hustled and driven that, had he been on the other side, he would have had no breath left to carry his rider, even in the ruck of the hunt.
- 2
In Australian rules football
- 3
In Australian rules football
- 4
archaicIn Australian rules football
- 5
In Australian rules football
- 6
The situation formed when a player carrying the ball is brought to the ground and one or more members of each side are engaged above the ball, trying to win possession of it; a loose scrum.
- 7
The common mass of people or things; the ordinary ranks.
- ‘Here and there among cats one comes across an outstanding superior intellect, just as one does among the ruck of human beings [...].’
- 8
An argument or fight.
- Your worth as a couple is not down to how passionate your rucks are—I said rucks—and how frantic the making-up sex is.
ruckverb詞源 1/ɹʌk/
- 1
obsoleteTo act as a ruck in a stoppage in Australian rules football.
- 2
To contest the possession of the ball in a ruck.
ruckverb詞源 2
- 1
To crease or fold.
- Puzzle begged very hard to have the lion-skin taken off him. He said it was too hot and the way it was rucked up on his back was uncomfortable […]
- "What, exactly, happened down cellar?" Appleyard asked, straightening with his heel a rucked rug.
- 2
To become creased or folded.
- "Will you come over now and try on your dress?" Ally asked, looking at her with wistful admiration. "I want to be sure the sleeves don't ruck up the same as they did yesterday."
rucknoun詞源 2
- 1
A crease, a wrinkle, a pucker, as on fabric.
ruckverb詞源 3
- 1
obsoletedialectalTo cower or huddle together; to squat; to sit, as a hen on eggs.
- Bot now thei rucken in here nest And resten as hem liketh best.
- The Rauen rook'd her on the Chimnies top, And chatt'ring Pies in dismall Discords sung.
rucknoun詞源 5
- 1
slanggovernmentmilitarypoliticsA rucksack; a large backpack.
- Shah-e-Kot Valley, Afghanistan. March 2002. I strained to see over the soldiers in front of me. They were struggling to shuffle off the bird as quickly as they could. I dragged my ruck across the floor of the aircraft in my right hand.
- First of all – a “ruck” is nothing more than a backpack. So to "ruck march" is to carry a heavy duty backpack on a hike (loaded with gear and supplies).
ruckverb詞源 5
- 1
To carry a backpack while hiking or marching.
- He started at 9:30 a.m. on Sunday as he began rucking to church. He changed his clothes, went to church and then began rucking again. That distance totaled about nine miles. Rucking is hiking with a military style backpack, filled with weight.
rucknoun詞源 6
- 1
A small heifer.
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。