核心畫面

A lead weight on the end of a line, dropped over the side of a boat. Nobody carries it down; it just goes — straight, fast, all the way to the bottom. Every use of plummet keeps that drop.

可以想成一顆綁在繩子上的鉛塊,從船邊丟進水裡。沒有人推它,也沒有東西撐住它,它就自己直直往下沉,又快又到底。plum更多收起可以想成一顆綁在繩子上的鉛塊,從船邊丟進水裡。沒有人推它,也沒有東西撐住它,它就自己直直往下沉,又快又到底。plummet 這個字留下來的,大概就是這個畫面:不是慢慢降,是掉下去。無論後來講的是飛機還是股價,那顆鉛塊的動作都還在。

From the word’s history

Middle English plommet meant a ball of lead on a line, from Old French plomet, the small form of plom (lead), from Latin plumbum (lead). The verb appears in 1626, first meaning to take soundings — that is, to drop the lead and see how deep the water is.

中古英文的 plommet 是「綁在線上的鉛球」,來自古法文 plomet(plom「鉛」的小稱),再往上是拉丁文 plumbum(鉛)。動詞在 1626 年才出現,最早的意思是「測水深」,也就是把鉛球丟下去看多深。從測深到今天的「直直墜落」,中間那個往下沉的動作沒有變。

Wiktionary entry supplied in this packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:908567008)

Two branches

東西在空中直直墜下

這一組離鉛塊最近:講的就是真的有東西從高處往下掉。

verb · C1

To fall straight down through the air, very fast and from high up, with nothing holding the thing back.

垂直墜落

數字往下墜

數字沒有重量,可是英文把它放進同一個畫面:圖表上的線往下掉,跟鉛塊沉進水裡是同一種動作。所以價格、氣溫、支持度都可以 plummet。

verb · C1

If a price, number, amount, or level plummets, it goes down very fast and by a lot, usually with no warning. It is the word used for a steep fall in things like prices, sales, temperatures, or how popular someone is.

暴跌;驟降