核心畫面

One way to hold it: something folded inside something else. Latin implicāre is 'to fold in' — so an implication is whatever is tucked into a statement, an act, or a decision without being laid out flat. Unfold it, and there it is.

「摺進去、藏在裡面的東西」。implication 的拉丁字根 implicāre 就是「往裡摺」(in- 進去 +更多收起「摺進去、藏在裡面的東西」。implication 的拉丁字根 implicāre 就是「往裡摺」(in- 進去 + plicāre 摺,跟 fold、plait 同源)。所以 implication 指的是被摺進一句話、一個行為、一個決定裡面,卻沒有攤開來講的那一塊:話沒說出口,但已經摺在語氣裡;決定只改了一條規定,但後果已經摺在裡面,要等時間把它攤開。三個用法差別只在「摺在裡面的是什麼」——沒說出口的意思、還沒發生的後果,或是被牽扯進案子的人。

From the word’s history

Latin implicāre = in- (in) + plicāre (to fold), i.e. 'to fold in, entangle'. An implication is what has been folded in rather than stated.

字根是拉丁文 implicāre:in-(進去)+ plicāre(摺)。「往裡摺」這個動作說明了現代三個意思為什麼是一家人——沒說出的暗示是摺在話裡的,未來的影響是摺在決定裡的,而被 implicate 的人則是被「捲進、纏進」案子裡(同一個字根也給了 complicated「一層層摺在一起」)。

Payload etymology tree (PIE *pel- / *pleḱ- → Latin plicō → implicō), consistent with Wiktionary's entry for implicate/implication.

Three branches

摺在話裡的意思

最貼近字根的用法:意思確實摺在說出的話裡,聽的人自己把它攤開。

unstated suggestion · noun · C1

A suggestion that is not made in direct words, but that people are expected to understand or accept.

暗示

摺在決定裡的後果

還是「摺在裡面沒攤開」,只是摺的不是意思,而是後果:事情已經含在裡面,只是時間還沒把它打開。

likely consequence · noun · C1

A possible effect or result that an action, event, decision, or change may have later.

影響

被纏進案子裡

「往裡摺」用在人身上就成了「被捲進去」:你被算進那件事的裡面,而且往往不是自己走進去的。

involvement (in wrongdoing) · noun · C1

A situation in which someone is shown or suggested to have taken part in a crime or a dishonest act.

牽連

原始詞典資料6 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

implicationnoun/ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/

  • 1

    The act of implicating.

  • 2

    The state of being implicated.

  • 3

    A possible, or indirect, effect or result of a decision or action.

    • Dumping waste in the river will have serious implications for the environment.
    • And while that number is expected to shift back slightly into positive territory over this decade, fewer children today establishes an unmistakable implication for tomorrow: fewer adults available as consumers, workers and taxpayers.
  • 4

    An implying, or that which is implied, but not expressed; an inference, or something which may fairly be understood, though not expressed in words.

    • Dennis Reynolds: What do you mean what do we need a mattress for? Why in the hell do you think we just spent all that money on a boat? The whole purpose of buying the boat in the first place was to get the ladies nice and tipsy topside so we can take 'em to a nice comfortable place below deck and, you know, they can't refuse, because of the implication. Mac: Oh, uh... okay. You had me going there for the first part, the second half kinda threw me. Dennis Reynolds: Well dude, dude, think about it: she's out in the middle of nowhere with some dude she barely knows. You know, she looks around and what does she see? Nothin' but open ocean. "Ahh, there's nowhere for me to run. What am I gonna do, say 'no'?" Mac: Okay. That... that seems really dark. Dennis Reynolds: Nah, no it's not dark. You're misunderstanding me, bro. Mac: I'm-I think I am. Dennis Reynolds: Yeah, you are, because if the girl said "no" then the answer obviously is "no"... Mac: No, right. Dennis Reynolds: But the thing is she's not gonna say "no", she would never say "no" because of the implication. Mac: Now you've said that word "implication" a couple of times. What implication? Dennis Reynolds: The implication that things might go wrong for her if she refuses to sleep with me. Now, not that things are gonna go wrong for her but she's thinkin' that they will.
    • But we can also take a more analytical attitude to these displays, interpreting the movements as no more than approachings, touchings, and departings with no implication that one shape caused the other to move.
  • 5

    human-scienceslogicmathematicsThe connective in propositional calculus that, when joining two predicates A and B in that order, has the meaning "if A is true, then B is true".

  • 6

    Logical consequence.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。