喜樂美語

核心畫面

One way to hold haemorrhage: something a body cannot do without is pouring out through a break, faster than it can be replaced, and it will not stop by itself. In a hospital that thing is blood. When the word is used about a company or a town, it is money, jobs and people. Either way the word carries the same alarm: the loss is fast, it is heavy, and nobody has closed the hole yet. The word can be the event itself (a noun) or the losing (a verb), but the picture does not change.

可以想成身體裡有一條管子破了。血往外湧，補不回來，也停不下來。這個畫面就是 haemorrhage 最原本的用法。把…更多收起可以想成身體裡有一條管子破了。血往外湧，補不回來，也停不下來。這個畫面就是 haemorrhage 最原本的用法。把同一個畫面搬到公司或城鎮上，往外流的就變成錢、工作機會和人。不管用在哪一邊，這個字都帶著同樣的緊張感：流失得又快又多，而且洞還沒堵住。這個字可以當名詞，指那個事件本身；也可以當動詞，指正在流失的動作。畫面兩邊都一樣。

Two branches

身體的大出血

這一家就是核心畫面本身，沒有任何轉借。血管破了，血大量流出，快到需要急救。名詞說的是那個事件，動詞說的是那個過程。

noun · C1

A serious loss of blood from a broken blood vessel, happening fast and hard to stop. The blood may come out of the body where you can see it, or stay inside the body where you cannot.

大出血

錢、工作與人的大量流失

這一家是把血的畫面借過來用。公司和城鎮沒有血管，但錢和人一樣會「流」出去。會選 haemorrhage 而不選 lose，是因為說話的人想強調速度和嚴重程度：不是慢慢減少，而是擋不住地大量流走。這是概念上的借用，不是在主張它的歷史來源。

noun · C2

A fast and heavy loss of money, jobs, members or people from a company, a town or a country, which keeps going and is hard to stop.

大量流失

原始詞典資料2 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

haemorrhagenoun/ˈhɛməɹɪd͡ʒ/

  • 1

    British standard spelling of hemorrhage.

    • We got news that he died of a haemorrhage!
    • Lan Chengzhang, who worked for the China Trade News, died of an apparent brain haemorrhage after over 20 thugs set upon him and his taxi driver on January 10 at a mine in Hunyuan county, in the northern province of Shanxi.

haemorrhageverb/ˈhɛməɹɪd͡ʒ/

  • 1

    British standard spelling of hemorrhage.

    • The company haemorrhaged money until eventually it went bankrupt.
    • In the early 1980s, the UK was gripped by a recession. A newly elected Conservative government was never going to let BR haemorrhage money if it could help it.

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。