核心畫面

You can think of gutted as the shape that is left when everything inside has been taken out. A fish on the market slab still looks like a fish, but it is hollow now. That one picture stretches easily: a burnt building still stands on the street with nothing inside it, and a person who has just lost something still walks around with the same face and nothing left in the middle. Outline kept, inside gone.

gutted 可以想成「裡面被整個拿走之後,剩下的那個形狀」。魚攤上的魚看起來還是一條魚,可是裡面已經空了。這個畫面更多收起gutted 可以想成「裡面被整個拿走之後,剩下的那個形狀」。魚攤上的魚看起來還是一條魚,可是裡面已經空了。這個畫面很好拉長:燒過的房子還立在街上,裡面什麼都沒有;剛失去某樣東西的人還是同一張臉,可是中間空掉了。外形留著,裡面沒了。

From the word’s history

Wiktionary records gutted as coming from Middle English gutted, gotted, equivalent to gut + -ed — literally 'having had the guts taken out'.

Wiktionary 記 gutted 來自中古英語 gutted/gotted,構詞上等於 gut(內臟)+ -ed,字面就是「內臟被取出來的」。這條線索正好對上所有用法共同的畫面:裡面被掏空。

Wiktionary entry 'gutted' (kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:718174169): 'From Middle English gutted, gotted, equivalent to gut + -ed.'

Three branches

字面:內臟被取出

畫面的原點:真的有東西被從裡面拿出來。

adjective · B2

Used about a fish or another animal whose insides have been taken out, so that it is clean and ready to cook.

已去內臟的

建築物:外殼還在,裡面沒了

同樣是「裡面被拿光」,只是對象從一條魚換成一整棟房子。

adjective · B2

Seriously damaged or completely destroyed, especially when the inside of a building has been burnt out or torn out so that only the shell is left.

內部被燒毀掏空的

人:心被掏空的失望

畫面再往內移一層,被掏空的變成人的情緒。

adjective · B2

Very shocked and disappointed, especially after losing something or hearing news you badly hoped would be different. This is spoken British English.

超級失望、心都空了

原始詞典資料5 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

guttedadj/ˈɡʌtɪd/

  • 1

    Eviscerated.

    • The exports, on the whole, in 1815, exceeded those of 1816; but the gutted herrings exported in the latter year exceeded those of the former by 12606½ barrels
    • He was leaning forward, head down, taking one deliberate step after another, both arms behind, dragging his gutted buck by its barely forked antlers.
  • 2

    With the most important parts destroyed (often by fire), removed or rendered useless.

    • (referring to the practice of newspapers removing all intermediate vowels from the names of people about whom they were making potentially libelous statements, as eg Fl-r-o, compare 1714 cite of past participle, below) For he to keep him from the vapours, /Subscribed at Hookham's, saw the papers; /Was deep in poet's-corner wit; /Knew what was in italics writ; /Explain'd fictitious names at will, /Each gutted syllable cou'd fill; /There oft, in paragraphs, his name /Gave symptom sweet of growing fame.
    • Viasma on the other hand, presented as dismal a scene as we had any where witnessed. Nearly all the large houses were gutted and burnt.
  • 3

    archaicHaving a gut or guts.

    • Having spoke thus, she took the ugliest of her monsters, full gutted from her spleen, and flung it invisibly into his mouth, which, flying straight up into his head, squeezed out his eye-balls, gave him a distorted look, and half overturned his brain.
    • He could tell she wanted to cry. "We've made a pact that we are going to try to get into men's basketball, and we're not going to do any of this crying stuff," he reminded her, and she gutted it out.
  • 4

    slangDeeply disappointed or crushed, as by defeat, failure, or loss; let down.

    • The whole platoon had felt gutted, an attitude rarely reflected in press reporters.
    • Throughout the book he runs the whole gamut of emotion from ‘chuffed' to ‘gutted', while being on the whole (surprisingly, for a fabulously gifted millionaire) more gutted than chuffed, and he cheerfully confesses to a short temper.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。