一筆備用的錢
這一族是核心畫面本身，以及它自然長出的幾種樣子：專款、一個組織手上的錢、以及「手頭有沒有這種備用錢」的狀態。最後還把同一個「儲備池」的畫面從錢延伸到別的東西上。
a fund (money for a purpose) · noun · C1
An amount of money that people collect and keep for one special purpose.
基金
核心畫面
You can picture a 'fund' as a pot of money set aside as a base to draw from. It is not money you spend as it comes in — it is money gathered and kept for one purpose, sitting there like a reserve you dip into when the moment comes.
可以想成：fund 是一筆特地撥出來、當底子用的錢。它不是隨賺隨花的錢，而是為了某個目的先攢起來、放在那裡的一個底—…更多收起
可以想成：fund 是一筆特地撥出來、當底子用的錢。它不是隨賺隨花的錢，而是為了某個目的先攢起來、放在那裡的一個底——像一個儲備池，需要時再從裡面舀。核心畫面比較像：一桶備好的錢，靜靜擺著，等著被某件事動用。From the word’s history
'Fund' came into English in the 1670s from French 'fond' 'a bottom, ground', from Latin 'fundus' 'bottom, foundation, piece of land' (same root behind 'foundation' and 'fundamental'). It first meant a merchant's basic stock or capital — the 'bottom' you build on — and by the 1690s meant a store of money kept for a purpose. So a fund is literally the financial 'floor' you stand on and draw from, which is exactly its modern core.
fund 在 1670 年代從法語 fond「底、地面」進入英語，再往上溯是拉丁語 fundus「底部、基礎、一塊地」（和 foundation 基礎、fundamental 根本 同源）。它最早指商人「墊底」的本錢——你立足其上的那個底——到 1690 年代才變成「為某目的留存的一筆錢」。所以 fund 字面上就是財務上那塊「地板」：你站在上面、也從裡面往外拿，這正好就是它現代的核心。
etymonline.com/word/fund ; etymonline.com/word/fundus (Fr. fond < L. fundus 'bottom, foundation', PIE *bhudh- 'bottom, base')
Three branches
管理基金的機構
當一個團體專門負責收錢、管這筆專款去幫助人，這個「錢池」的名字就轉到了管它的機構身上——用它管的那筆基金來稱呼它整個組織。
charity organization · noun · C1
An organization that collects money to help people, for example those who are ill or in need.
基金會
動詞：出錢支撐
把名詞的「一桶備用的錢」變成動作：由你來當那個提供底子的人。fund something 就是替某件事墊上它需要的錢，讓它有底可站、跑得起來。
finance, provide money · verb · C1
To provide the money that an activity, organization, or project needs.
資助
原始詞典資料7 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
fundnoun/ˈfʌnd/
- 1
A sum or source of money.
- the fund of a bank, commercial house, manufacturing corporation, etc.
- a fund for the maintenance of underprivileged students
- 2
An organization managing such money.
- 3
A money-management operation, such as a mutual fund.
- Several major funds were declared insolvent recently.
- 4
A large supply of something to be drawn upon.
- He drew on his immense fund of knowledge.
- an inexhaustible fund of stories
fundverb/ˈfʌnd/
- 1
To pay or provide money for.
- He used his inheritance to fund his gambling addiction.
- 2
To place (money) in a fund.
- 3
To form a debt into a stock charged with interest.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。