職業聯盟裡的球隊
美國職業運動的球隊也是「被聯盟授予資格」才能存在的——聯盟發出一個名額，誰拿到誰才能組隊出賽。所以球隊本身就被叫做 a franchise，跟加盟店是同一個道理。
professional sports team · noun · B2
A professional sports team, especially one that has the right to play in a league.
職業運動隊
核心畫面
Picture something you are not allowed to do on your own — sell under a famous name, run a team in a league, put a vote in a box — and then someone with the authority to say yes hands you written permission. The permission is the thing the word names. Everything franchise means is some version of a special right that was granted to you, not one you simply had.
可以想成：有一件事你本來沒資格做——用別人的招牌賣東西、在職業聯盟裡擺一支球隊、把票投進票匭——然後一個有權力說「可…更多收起
可以想成：有一件事你本來沒資格做——用別人的招牌賣東西、在職業聯盟裡擺一支球隊、把票投進票匭——然後一個有權力說「可以」的人，正式把這個資格發給你。這個字指的就是那張被發下來的資格。從加盟權到選舉權，看起來差很遠，但底下都是同一句話：這是被授予的特權，不是你本來就有的。From the word’s history
From Old French franchise (12c.) 'freedom, exemption; right, privilege', from franc 'free'. It narrowed in the 18th century to 'a particular legal privilege granted by a sovereign or government'; the voting sense is recorded from 1790, and the business sense — a company authorising someone to sell its products — only from 1959.
來自古法文 franchise（12 世紀）「自由、豁免；權利、特權」，字根是 franc「自由的」。十八世紀縮小成「由君主或政府授予的特定法定特權」，1790 年起用來指選舉權，而商業上的「加盟授權」要到 1959 年才出現。所以選舉權那一支其實比加盟權老得多，兩者共用的是「被授予的資格」這個意思。
Etymonline, 'franchise' — https://www.etymonline.com/word/franchise
From the picture
投票的權利
這一支是這個字最老的現代用法：國家授予人民的一項法定資格。歷史上投票權確實是「被給的」——一段一段擴大到沒有財產的男性、女性，所以英文才會用這個「授予特權」的字。
right to vote · noun · C1
The legal right of people to vote in the elections of their country.
選舉權 / 投票權
Also in this word
business licensing rights · noun · B2
Permission that a company gives to a person so they can sell the company's goods or services.
加盟權 / 特許經營權
franchised shop or outlet · noun · B2
A shop or business that is run using permission from a larger company.
加盟店 / 連鎖店
grant franchise rights · verb · B2
To give or sell someone permission to run a business using your company's name and products.
授予加盟權 / 開放加盟
原始詞典資料16 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
franchisenoun詞源 1/ˈfɹænt͡ʃaɪ̯z/
- 1
The right to vote at a public election or referendum; see: suffrage.
- 2
A right or privilege officially granted to a person, a group of people, or a company by a government.
- a. 1872, William H. Seward, debate Election by universal suffrage, as modified by the Constitution, is the one crowning franchise of the American people.
- 3
An acknowledgment of a corporation's existence and ownership.
- 4
The authorization granted by a company to sell or distribute its goods or services in a certain area.
- McDonald’s has exported its franchise.
- 5
A business operating under such authorization, a franchisee.
- 6
A legal exemption from jurisdiction.
- 7
The membership of a corporation or state; citizenship.
- 8
The district or jurisdiction to which a particular privilege extends; the limits of an immunity; hence, an asylum or sanctuary.
- Churches and monasteries in Spain are franchises for criminals.
另外 5 個記錄的用法
- 9
hobbieslifestylesportsThe collection of organizations in the history of a sports team; the tradition of a sports team as an entity, extending beyond the contemporary organization.
- The Whalers' home city of Hartford was one of many for the franchise.
- He devoted almost his full cricket career to playing county cricket for seven franchises until he earned a maiden callup at 35.
- 10
businessmarketingThe positive influence on the buying behavior of customers exerted by the reputation of a company or a brand.
- Once a brand has established a consumer franchise and a brand image, it takes a long time for these to decay, as the image is maintained more by people's personal familiarity with and usage of the brand than by external marketing stimuli.
- Warren Buffett teaches us that the best business to own, the one with the best long-term prospects is a franchise - one that sells a product or service that is needed or desired, has no close substitute, and yields profits that are unregulated.
- 11
The loose collection of fictional works pertaining to a particular fictional universe, including literary, film, or television series from various sources, generally when all authorized by a copyright holder or similar authority.
- the Star Wars franchise
- 12
Exemption from constraint or oppression; freedom; liberty.
- Ye[…]the love of ladies foule defame; To whom the world this franchise ever yeelded, That of their loves choise they might freedom clame.
- 13
obsoleteMagnanimity; generosity; liberality; frankness; nobility.
franchiseverb詞源 2/ˈfɹænt͡ʃaɪ̯z/
- 1
To confer certain powers on; grant a franchise to; authorize.
- In a Commons Written Reply to Shadow Rail Minister Tan Dhesi, regarding any assessment of the impact on open access operators by the decision to move away from franchising […], Heaton-Harris highlighted that non-franchised operators run trains without a contractual relationship with Government.
- 2
rareTo set free; invest with a franchise or privilege; enfranchise.
- 3
To give to others the rights to sell or distribute (goods or services).
- The ad originators are planning to franchise the campaign to gay groups all across the country.
- This winter, there is a diverse buffet of movies for you to choose from. Most people order the widely franchised cheeseburger because of its biggie-sized portion, its reliably adequate flavor, and its bright, attractive packaging. Don’t get me wrong; on opening day, I’ll be sitting in the front row savoring the cheeseburgery deliciousness of “Quantum of Solace” and “Twilight.” But after the initial cinematic hunger subsides, the diner, like myself, who craves a heartier meal, will take a second trip through the buffet line and search for a meal with a more complex flavor and memorable substance.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。