Disenfranchisement is the name of the act of taking rights away, or the state you are left in afterwards — above all the right to vote. “The disenfranchisement of Black voters” means those voters were kept from voting, by law or by tricks around the law. It is a heavy, formal noun. You will see it in history books, court cases, and serious news.

Disenfranchisementdisenfranchisement is the name of the act of taking rights away是「剝奪權利的行為」的名稱，or the state you are left in afterwards或「被剝奪之後所處的狀態」的名稱——above all the right to vote尤其是指投票權。"The disenfranchisement of Black voters" means「The disenfranchisement of Black voters」意思是 those voters were kept from voting那些選民被擋下來不能投票，by law or by tricks around the law用法律、或鑽法律漏洞的手法。It is a heavy, formal noun這是一個很正式、很重的名詞。in history books, court cases, and serious news在歷史書、法院案件和嚴肅新聞裡 You will see it你會看到它

Though actually, like the verb, people also use it for any big shutting-out, not only voting: being left with no voice at work, or no say in a city. That stretch is common, but the core picture is still civic rights.

Though actually不過其實，like the verb就像動詞一樣，people also use it for any big shutting-out大家也會用它來指任何大規模的排除，not only voting不只是投票：being left with no voice at work像是在職場上完全沒有發言權，or no say in a city或在城市事務上沒有話語權。That stretch is common這種延伸用法很常見，but the core picture is still civic rights但核心的畫面還是公民權利

It names a process or a condition; it does not itself do the taking.

It names a process or a condition它指的是一個過程或一種狀態；it does not itself do the taking它本身並不會去做「剝奪」這件事