核心畫面

One way to picture it: a body so drained of strength that it cannot push back — the hand that can't grip, the voice that can't carry across a room.

一個人身上「使不出力」的狀態。手想握卻握不緊,話想說卻傳不到房間另一頭,整個人像被抽掉了力氣,撐不住、也推不動任何東更多收起一個人身上「使不出力」的狀態。手想握卻握不緊,話想說卻傳不到房間另一頭,整個人像被抽掉了力氣,撐不住、也推不動任何東西。這個畫面裡最重要的不是「小」,而是「本來該有的力量沒有了」——所以老人、病人、剛出生的小嬰兒都可以是 feeble。

From the word’s history

From Latin flēbilis 'to be wept over, lamentable' (from flēre 'to weep') — the word entered English via Anglo-Norman feble with the sense 'weak', so the modern core is 'weak' rather than 'tearful'.

這個字經由 Anglo-Norman feble 進入英文,更早可追到拉丁文 flēbilis「值得為之落淚的、可悲的」(來自 flēre「哭」)。有趣的是它到英文時已經是「虛弱」的意思,而不是「愛哭」——但那層「令人不忍、撐不起來」的味道還隱隱留著,所以 feeble 講的虛弱常常帶著一點讓人看了心軟或搖頭的感覺。

Wiktionary 'feeble' etymology tree (Middle English feble ← Anglo-Norman feble ← Latin flēbilis)

Two branches

身體上的沒力氣

這一族就是核心畫面本身:力氣不夠用的身體。

physically weak · adjective · C2

Extremely weak in body or voice, often because you are ill, very old, or very young.

虛弱

力道不夠、說服不了人

把「使不出力」的畫面從身體移到一件事、一個理由、一個東西上:它同樣推不動該推動的結果。

weak/ineffective · adjective · C2

Not very good or effective; too weak to work well or to be believed.

無力的

原始詞典資料3 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

feebleadj/ˈfiːbəl/

  • 1

    Deficient in physical strength.

    • Though she appeared old and feeble, she could still throw a ball.
    • Pent up in Utica he vainly forms A poor Epitome of Roman Greatneſs, And, cover’d with Numidian Guards, directs A feeble Army, and an empty Senate, Remnants of mighty Battels fought in vain.
  • 2

    Lacking force, vigor, or effectiveness in action or expression; faint.

    • That was a feeble excuse for an example.

feebleverb/ˈfiːbəl/

  • 1

    obsoleteTo make feeble; to enfeeble.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。